The Long-Term Effects of Prematurity and Intrauterine Growth Restriction on Cardiovascular, Renal, and Metabolic Function
Table 1
Clinical characteristics and measurements of children at birth and at the time of study in 4 groups.
Prem-SGA
Prem-AGA
Term-SGA
Term-AGA
At Birth
Gender
Female (%)
7 (50%)
11 (44%)
2 (29%)
12 (48%)
.8
Gestational age (wk)
Median
31
30
39
40
.001
IQR
28.8–31.0
27.5–31.0
38.0–40.0
38.5–41.0
Birth weight (g)
Median
980
1635
2750
3302
.001
IQR
768–1038
991–1850
2430–2870
3105–3690
Birth weight score
Median
−1.59
0.30
−1.58
−0.30
.001
IQR
−2.20–1.49
−0.27–0.85
−2.35–1.41
−0.62–0.33
Time of Study
Age (yr)
Median
13.5
14.1
13.6
13.6
.06
IQR
12.48–13.97
13.66–15.03
12.35–14.83
12.54–14.78
Weight (kg)
Median
44.3
56.0
51.2
47.2
.06
IQR
31.63–52.13
45.50–60.15
40.00–56.50
41.60–53.25
Height (cm)
Median
153.9
164.8
156.9
156.6
.009
IQR
146.00–160.98
157.25–169.65
149.50–167.00
151.65–162.55
BMI (kg/m2)
Median
17.74
19.74
19.03
18.27
.4
IQR
15.33–21.06
17.98–21.27
17.45–21.80
17.38–20.42
BSA (m2)
Median
1.40
1.62
1.52
1.46
.03
IQR
1.15–1.49
1.43–1.72
1.29–1.59
1.36–1.54
SBP (mmHg)
Median
107
101
105
103
.6
IQR
90.0–114.5
95.0–107.5
95.0–110.0
103.0–105.0
DBP (mmHg)
Median
65
61
65
60
.7
IQR
58.0–70.5
60.0–70.0
55.0–66.0
60.0–65.0
Abbreviations: BSA: body surface area; BMI: body mass index; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; IQR: interquartile range; SBP: systolic blood pressure; Prem-AGA: preterm appropriate for gestational age; Prem-SGA: preterm small for gestational age; Term-AGA: term appropriate for gestational age; Term-SGA: term small for gestational age. For comparisons across 4 groups, the Kruskal-Wallis test was used for continuous variables and the Pearson chi-square test for discrete variables.
