Review Article

Developmental and Cognitive Characteristics of “High-Level Potentialities” (Highly Gifted) Children

Table 3

Most frequent associated learning disorders among “high-potential” children.

Oral language disorders
 Functional disorders:
  Difficulty articulating
  Stammer
  Simple delay in using words
  Simple delay in using language
 Structural disorders
  Dysphasia of the expressive type

 Written language disorders
  Dyslexia
  Spelling difficulties
  Dyscalculia

 Developmental coordination disorders
 Delay in posturomotor development and/or hand to eye
 coordination
 Developmental dyspraxia ( V I Q > 𝑃 𝐼 𝑄 )
  Ideomotor
  Dressing
  Visuospatial/visuoconstructional
 Dysgraphia

 Attention deficit disorder/hyperactivity and impulsiveness
  (ADD, ADDH, ADHD)
 Attentional dominant and/or hyperactive and/or impulsive
 dominant

 Specific psychomotor function disorders
  Body image
  Spatial organisation
  Temporal organisation
  Lateralisation
  Neuromotricity (tone)
  Tonico-emotional relationships