Bubble Nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (bNCPAP): An Effective Low-Cost Intervention for Resource-Constrained Settings
Table 1
Indications and contraindications for NCPAP.
Indications
Contraindications
Respiratory distress syndrome
Progressive respiratory failure (,)
Apnea of prematurity (obstructive apnea)
Poor respiratory drive with frequent apnea or bradycardia not improved by CPAP
Transient tachypnea of the newborn
Severe cardiovascular instability (hypotension)
Respiratory distress due to perinatal asphyxia
Congenital malformations (choanal atresia, cleft lip and palate, Pierre Robin sequence, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, and tracheoesophageal fistula)
