Parental Reported Bullying among Saudi Schoolchildren: Its Forms, Effect on Academic Abilities, and Associated Sociodemographic, Physical, and Dentofacial Features

Table 1

Sociodemograhic characteristics of study participants and association with bullying ().

Variables	Category		%	Bully victims
				No ()	Yes ()
						%
Educational level of parent	Did not go to school	6	0.6	0	6	0.7
	Primary	8	0.8	2	6	0.7
	Intermediate	27	2.6	1	26	2.8
	Secondary	247	24.0	13	234	25.5
	University	740	72.0	95	645	70.3
Occupation of parent	Health sector	197	19.2	13	184	20.1
	Education sector	634	61.7	70	564	61.5
	Other	15	1.5	4	11	1.2
	Unemployed	182	17.7	24	158	17.2
Family monthly income	<1680 USD	59	5.7	15	44	4.8
	1681-3200 USD	188	18.3	31	158	17.2
	>3200 USD	781	76.0	66	715	78.0
Residence region in the kingdom	Central	408	39.7	73	335	39.7
	Eastern	167	16.2	11	156	16.2
	Western	155	15.1	12	143	15.1
	Northern	153	14.9	5	148	14.9
	Southern	145	14.1	10	135	14.1
Age group of child	8-11	734	71.5	59	675	73.7
	12-15	220	21.4	28	192	21.0
	16-18	73	7.1	24	49	5.3
Gender of child	Boy	614	60.0	50	564	61.7
	Girl	410	40.0	60	350	38.3
School sector	Public	800	78.0	90	710	77.7	0.246
	Private	225	22.0	21	204	22.3
Child has nickname	Yes	778	75.7	25	753	82.1
	No	177	17.2	81	96	10.5
	Do not know	73	7.1	5	68	7.4
Feeling about nickname	Like	145	17.3	13	132	16.5
	Neutral	248	30.6	13	235	30.3
	Dislike	445	53.1	10	435	54.2
Child acted as a bully	Yes	146	13.6	7	129	14.1
	No	476	44.2	88	373	40.7
	Do not know	454	42.2	16	415	45.3

°According to chi-squared and Fisher’s exact tests, indicates statistically significant difference ().