A Clinical Profile of Pediatric COVID-19 Testing in the Emergency Department, Dubai, United Arab Emirates

Table 1

Univariate logistic regression of the associated factors (characteristics, presenting symptoms, and physical examination findings) of positive COVID-19 test.

Independent variables	Categories (total no.)	Positive COVID-19 test		OR	95% confidence interval
		No. (%)			Lower	Upper
Characteristics
Age (years)	<5 (); 5+ ()	22 (9.0); 10 (6.3)	0.322	1.48	0.68	3.21
Gender	Male (); Female ()	17 (7.7); 15 (8.1)	0.887	1.05	0.51	2.17
Nationality	Local (); Nonlocal ()	10 (6.8); 22 (8.5)	0.556	1.26	0.58	2.75
Comorbidity	Absent (); Present ()	18 (8.2); 14 (7.6)	0.819	0.92	0.44	1.90
History of COVID-19 contact	Absent (); Present ()	10 (3.1); 22 (27.8)	0.001	12.20	5.49	27.12
Presenting symptoms
Fever	Present (); Absent ()	19 (11.2); 13 (5.5)	0.039	2.17	1.04	4.53
Runny nose	Present (); Absent ()	11 (22.4); 21 (5.9)	0.001	1.30	0.51	3.32
Cough	Present (); Absent ()	12 (13.8); 20 (6.3)	0.025	2.38	1.12	5.09
Poor feeding	Present (); Absent ()	1 (1.6); 31 (9.1)	0.073	0.16	0.02	1.18
Breathing difficulty/apnea	Present (); Absent ()	4 (9.5); 28 (7.7)	0.681	1.26	0.42	3.78
Vomiting/diarrhea	Present (); Absent ()	7 (5.4); 25 (9.1)	0.207	0.58	0.24	1.37
Abdominal pain	Present (); Absent ()	1 (1.6); 31 (9.1)	0.040	0.16	0.02	1.18
Head/throat/body pain	Present (); Absent ()	7 (9.7); 25 (7.5)	0.528	1.32	0.55	3.19
Physical examination findings
Congested ENT	Present (); Absent ()	6 (9.7); 26 (7.6)	0.574	1.30	0.51	3.31
Dehydration	Present (); Absent ()	2 (3.8); 30 (8.5)	0.246	0.42	0.09	1.82
Lymphadenopathy	Present (); Absent ()	2 (25); 30 (7.6)	0.094	4.08	0.79	21.09
Wheezes/crackles	Present (); Absent ()	2 (5.7); 30 (8.1)	0.618	0.69	0.16	3.00
Abdominal tenderness	Present (); Absent ()	1 (2.2); 31 (8.6)	0.159	0.24	0.03	1.77
Skin rash	Present (); Absent ()	1 (4.3); 31 (8.1)	0.523	0.52	0.07	3.95
Joint/tissue swelling	Present (); Absent ()	2 (14.3); 30 (7.7)	0.377	2.01	0.43	9.38