Patterns and Determinants of Change in Cortisol Levels and Thyroid Function as a Function of Cardiac Risk in Children Undergoing Cardiac Surgery

Table 2

Intraoperative and postoperative characteristics ().

Parameter	Category	Frequency	Percentage
Intraoperative data
CP bypass time	≤70 min	25	54.3
	>70 min	21	45.7
Aorta cross-clamp time (min)	Median (range)	50 (15-157)	—
DHCA	No	42	91.3
	Yes	4	8.7
Postoperative data and complications
Chest kept open postop	Yes	8	17.4
MV duration (days)	Median (range)	1.5 (0.0-20.0)	—
PICU LOS (days)	Median (range)	5.5 (1.0-40.0)	—
Hospital LOS (days)	Median (range)	8.5 (1.0-60.0)	—
Urgent Cath	Yes	5	10.9
Temporary pacing	Yes	2	4.3
Postop heart function	Fair	18	39.1
	Good	28	60.9
Postop medications	Inotropes	29	63.0
	Antibiotics	21	45.7
	Steroids	2	4.3
	Milrinone	42	91.3
Complications
AKI	Yes	12	26.1
Hypotension	Yes	17	37.0
LCOS	Yes	17	37.0
Arrhythmia	Yes	8	17.4
Sepsis	Yes	6	13.0
Pneumothorax	Yes	4	8.7
Reexploration for bleeding	Yes	7	15.2
Phrenic nerve palsy	Yes	1	2.2
Composite cardiac outcome	None	4	8.7
	1	10	21.7
	2	12	26.1
	3	4	8.7
	4	9	19.6
	5	4	8.7
	6	3	6.5
AKI stage	Stage I	8	17.4
	Stage II	4	8.7
Glycemic control	120-140 mg	31	67.4
	140-180 mg	15	32.6
Discharge medication
Antiheart failure	Yes	46	100.0
L-Thyroxine	Yes	3	6.5

Results are frequencies/percentage except where otherwise specified. DHCA: deep hypothermic circulatory arrest; CP: cardiopulmonary; AKI: acute kidney injury; LCOS: low cardiac output syndrome; PICU: pediatric intensive care unit; MV: mechanical ventilation.