Indications and Yield of Pediatric Endoscopy in Bahrain: A Tertiary Center Experience
Table 4
Final diagnosis of children who underwent gastrointestinal endoscopy ().
Final diagnosis
Number (%)
Functional abdominal pain
200 (21.3)
Nonspecific gastritis
145 (15.4)
Helicobacter pylori gastritis
131 (13.9)
Inflammatory bowel disease
109 (11.6)
Celiac disease
86 (9.1)
Gastroesophageal reflux disease
69 (7.3)
Foreign body ingestion
61 (6.5)
Esophageal stricture †
46 (4.9)
Mallory Weiss syndrome
44 (4.7)
Eosinophilic esophagitis
27 (2.9)
Duodenal ulcer
24 (2.6)
Esophageal ulcers
16 (1.7)
Peptic ulcer disease
14 (1.5)
Cow’s milk protein allergy
12 (1.3)
Anal fissure
12 (1.3)
Intestinal polyposis ‡
8 (0.9)
Chronic liver disease with esophageal varices
8 (0.9)
Caustic ingestion
8 (0.9)
Rectal ulcers
8 (0.9)
Eosinophilic gastroenteritis
7 (0.7)
Hiatal hernia
7 (0.7)
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma
6 (0.6)
Lymphoid nodular hyperplasia
4 (0.4)
Hirschsprung disease
3 (0.3)
Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus
3 (0.3)
Cystic fibrosis
3 (0.3)
Nonorganic failure to thrive
3 (0.3)
Intestinal lymphangiectasia
3 (0.3)
Acute pancreatitis
3 (0.3)
Cyclic vomiting
2 (0.2)
Esophageal necrosis and perforation
2 (0.2)
Viral enteritis
2 (0.2)
Meckel’s diverticulum
2 (0.2)
Others§
6 (0.6)
Values are presented as number (%). Patients may have more than one final diagnosis (). Ulcerative colitis () and Crohn’s disease (), †esophageal stricture posttracheoesophageal fistula repair (), ‡juvenile polyps () and one patient with Cowden syndrome polyps, §postjejunal atresia repair tube insertion, Barret esophagus, gastric outlet malrotation, duodenal atresia, angiodysplasia, hyperelimination postgastroschisis repair; each in one patient.
