Research Article
Indications and Yield of Pediatric Endoscopy in Bahrain: A Tertiary Center Experience
Table 5
Summary of studies regarding endoscopies from neighboring countries and worldwide.
| Country | Author, year | Duration | Patients number | Age (y) | Sex ratio | Most common indication | Yield | 1st indication (%) | 2nd indication (%) | 3rd indication (%) |
| Bahrain | Isa and Alfayez*, 2022 | 1995-2020 | 1101 | | M > F | CAP (40.9) | Vomiting and hemorrhage (27.4) | LGIB (8.2) | 68.1% | KSA | Saeed et al. [3] | 2010-2015 | 37 | | M > F | Dysphagia (56.7) | Vomiting (48.6) | Food bolus impaction (21.6) | NR | Iran | Mirrahimi et al. [20] | 2019 | 43 | | M > F | Hematemesis | Melena | Coffee grounded vomiting | NR | Egypt | Abd Allah et al. [6] | 2014-2015 | 40 | | M > F | Bleeding per rectum (42.5) | CAP (25) | Vomiting, hematemesis and melena (15) | 80% | Egypt | Faddan et al. [1] | 2004-2013 | 177 | <6 m | M > F | UGIE: Hematemesis (30) Colonoscopy: rectal bleeding (19.4) | UGIE: Vomiting (18.4) Colonoscopy: bloody diarrhea (13.6) | UGIE: Melena (5.8) | 70.6% | Egypt | Abdel Azeem et al. [22] | 2016-2017 | 40 | | M = F | Bleeding per rectum (80) | CAP (10) | Weight loss (5) | 85%† | Tunisia | Rabeh et al. [9] | 2010-2017 | 210 | Children | NR | LGIB (57.1) | IBD (29) | NR | 39% † | Turkey | Sağ et al. [23] | 2010-2017 | 39 | | F > M | UGIE: CAP (65.7) Colonoscopy: abdominal pain (38.9) | UGIE: dyspepsia (17.1) Colonoscopy: chronic diarrhea (22.2) | Chronic diarrhea (8.6) | 55.6%† | France | Norsa et al. [16] | 2017 | 237 | 3.2 | NR | Foreign body ingestion (24) | GI bleeding (48) | Caustic ingestion (63) | NR | Spain | Flores-González et al. [21] | 2016-2017 | 88 | Median 7 | M > F | Celiac disease (33) | Epigastric pain (13) | Esophagitis (8) | NR | Australia | Singh et al. [5] | 2011-2015 | 652 | 13 (0.4-18) | M > F | IBD (57.9) | Rectal bleeding (10) | CAP (10) | NR | USA | Pant et al. [24] | NR | 437283 | 0-19 | NR | LGIB (30.2) | UGIB (20.3) | Unspecified GI bleeding (10.4) | NR |
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The present study; †colonoscopy yield. CAP: chronic abdominal pain; LGIB: lower gastrointestinal bleeding; NR: no records; UGIE: upper gastrointestinal endoscopy; IBD: inflammatory bowel disease; USA: United States of America; UGIB: upper GI bleeding. |