Viscoelastic, Spectroscopic, and Microscopic Characterization of Novel Bio-Based Plasticized Poly(vinyl chloride) Compound

<table class="table-group" id="tab1"><tr><td><table class="table"><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="10"><hr/></td></tr><tr class="thead"><td align="left" rowspan="2">Sample</td><td align="center" colspan="3">Molecular weight distribution</td><td align="center" colspan="6">Monomer composition (wt%)</td></tr><tr class="thead"><td align="center"><span width=""><sup>
                    1</sup><svg height="15.4" id="M28" style="vertical-align:-3.20526pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 24.075001 15.4" width="24.075001" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
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q45 4 67 18.5t35 45.5q16 38 74 233l52 173q24 79 11.5 98t-89.5 26l6 28h177l136 -508l337 508h172z" id="x1D440"></path></g>
<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,17.412,15.187)"><path d="M495 86q-46 -47 -87 -72.5t-63 -25.5q-43 0 -16 107l49 210q7 34 8 50.5t-3 21t-13 4.5q-35 0 -109.5 -72.5t-115.5 -140.5q-21 -75 -38 -159q-50 -10 -76 -21l-6 8l84 340q8 35 -4 35q-17 0 -67 -46l-15 26q44 44 85.5 70.5t64.5 26.5q35 0 10 -103l-24 -98h2
q42 56 97 103.5t96 71.5q46 26 74 26q9 0 16 -2.5t14 -11.5t9.5 -24.5t-1 -44t-13.5 -68.5q-30 -117 -47 -200q-4 -19 -3.5 -25t6.5 -6q21 0 70 48z" id="x1D45B"></path></g>
</svg></span></td><td align="center"><span width=""><sup>
                    2</sup><svg height="15.4" id="M29" style="vertical-align:-3.21404pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 26.575001 15.4" width="26.575001" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,11.112)"><path d="M998 650l-8 -28q-71 -4 -86 -16t-22 -69l-50 -397q-3 -28 -4.5 -44t2 -29t6.5 -18.5t17 -10.5t24.5 -6.5t37.5 -3.5l-8 -28h-271l7 28q63 6 78 22t25 90l60 415h-2l-353 -552h-23l-130 536h-2l-70 -254q-44 -158 -47 -188q-5 -38 9 -51t71 -18l-6 -28h-241l8 28
q45 4 67 18.5t35 45.5q16 38 74 233l52 173q24 79 11.5 98t-89.5 26l6 28h177l136 -508l337 508h172z" id="x1D440"></path></g>
<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,17.412,15.187)"><path d="M689 332q0 -81 -40 -161.5t-103.5 -131.5t-127.5 -51q-32 0 -58.5 16t-40.5 46q-70 -62 -139 -62q-45 0 -77.5 30t-32.5 86q0 8 7 52q11 77 45 187q6 19 6 34q0 6 -7 6q-24 0 -78 -64l-20 23q32 48 73 77t78 29q32 0 32 -43q0 -30 -12 -73q-27 -95 -38 -152
q-8 -44 -8 -58q0 -77 68 -77q31 0 60 33.5t39 77.5l62 260l75 16l5 -6l-63 -246q-8 -29 -8 -58q0 -77 68 -77q66 0 116 75.5t50 194.5q0 43 -12 57q-11 12 -11 24q0 19 15 35.5t34 16.5q18 0 30.5 -34.5t12.5 -81.5z" id="x1D464"></path></g>
</svg></span></td><td align="center"><sup>
                    3</sup>PDI</td><td align="center">C<sub>6</sub></td><td align="center">C<sub>8</sub></td><td align="center">C<sub>10</sub></td><td align="center">C<sub>12</sub></td><td align="center">C<sub>14</sub></td><td align="center">C<sub>14:1</sub></td></tr><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="10"><hr/></td></tr><tr><td align="left">PHA<sub>SPKO</sub></td><td align="center">32700</td><td align="center">60000</td><td align="center">1.8</td><td align="center">4.5</td><td align="center">46.3  </td><td align="center">32.6</td><td align="center">13.4</td><td align="center">1.6</td><td align="center">1.6</td></tr><tr><td align="left">degPHA<sub>SPKO</sub></td><td align="center">18200</td><td align="center">42000</td><td align="center">2.3</td><td align="center">4.9</td><td align="center">47.2 </td><td align="center">32.4</td><td align="center">12.6</td><td align="center">1.7</td><td align="center">1.2</td></tr><tr class="table-tr"><td colspan="10"><hr class="tbody-hr"/></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="table-fn"><td><svg height="20.0625" id="M30" style="vertical-align:-3.20526pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 30.4125 20.0625" width="30.4125" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,.062,7.613)"><path d="M384 0h-275v27q67 5 81.5 18.5t14.5 68.5v385q0 38 -7.5 47.5t-40.5 10.5l-48 2v24q85 15 178 52v-521q0 -55 14.5 -68.5t82.5 -18.5v-27z" id="x31"></path></g>
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,6.4,15.775)"><path d="M998 650l-8 -28q-71 -4 -86 -16t-22 -69l-50 -397q-3 -28 -4.5 -44t2 -29t6.5 -18.5t17 -10.5t24.5 -6.5t37.5 -3.5l-8 -28h-271l7 28q63 6 78 22t25 90l60 415h-2l-353 -552h-23l-130 536h-2l-70 -254q-44 -158 -47 -188q-5 -38 9 -51t71 -18l-6 -28h-241l8 28
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<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,23.75,19.863)"><path d="M495 86q-46 -47 -87 -72.5t-63 -25.5q-43 0 -16 107l49 210q7 34 8 50.5t-3 21t-13 4.5q-35 0 -109.5 -72.5t-115.5 -140.5q-21 -75 -38 -159q-50 -10 -76 -21l-6 8l84 340q8 35 -4 35q-17 0 -67 -46l-15 26q44 44 85.5 70.5t64.5 26.5q35 0 10 -103l-24 -98h2
q42 56 97 103.5t96 71.5q46 26 74 26q9 0 16 -2.5t14 -11.5t9.5 -24.5t-1 -44t-13.5 -68.5q-30 -117 -47 -200q-4 -19 -3.5 -25t6.5 -6q21 0 70 48z" id="x1D45B"></path></g>
</svg>: number average molecular weight; <sup>2</sup><svg height="15.4" id="M31" style="vertical-align:-3.21404pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 26.575001 15.4" width="26.575001" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,11.112)"><path d="M998 650l-8 -28q-71 -4 -86 -16t-22 -69l-50 -397q-3 -28 -4.5 -44t2 -29t6.5 -18.5t17 -10.5t24.5 -6.5t37.5 -3.5l-8 -28h-271l7 28q63 6 78 22t25 90l60 415h-2l-353 -552h-23l-130 536h-2l-70 -254q-44 -158 -47 -188q-5 -38 9 -51t71 -18l-6 -28h-241l8 28
q45 4 67 18.5t35 45.5q16 38 74 233l52 173q24 79 11.5 98t-89.5 26l6 28h177l136 -508l337 508h172z" id="x1D440"></path></g>
<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,17.412,15.187)"><path d="M689 332q0 -81 -40 -161.5t-103.5 -131.5t-127.5 -51q-32 0 -58.5 16t-40.5 46q-70 -62 -139 -62q-45 0 -77.5 30t-32.5 86q0 8 7 52q11 77 45 187q6 19 6 34q0 6 -7 6q-24 0 -78 -64l-20 23q32 48 73 77t78 29q32 0 32 -43q0 -30 -12 -73q-27 -95 -38 -152
q-8 -44 -8 -58q0 -77 68 -77q31 0 60 33.5t39 77.5l62 260l75 16l5 -6l-63 -246q-8 -29 -8 -58q0 -77 68 -77q66 0 116 75.5t50 194.5q0 43 -12 57q-11 12 -11 24q0 19 15 35.5t34 16.5q18 0 30.5 -34.5t12.5 -81.5z" id="x1D464"></path></g>
</svg>: weight average molecular weight; <sup>3</sup>PDI: polydispersity index; C<sub>6</sub>: 3-hydroxyhexanoic acid; C<sub>8</sub>: 3-hydroxyoctanoic acid; C<sub>10</sub>: 3-hydroxydecanoic acid; C<sub>12</sub>: 3-hydroxydodecanoic acid; C<sub>14</sub>: 3-hydroxytetradecanoic acid; C<sub>14:1</sub>: 3-hydroxytetradecenoic acid.<br/></td></tr></table>

Molecular weight distribution and monomer compositionsof PHA<sub>SPKO</sub> and degPHA<sub>SPKO</sub> determined by GPC and GC analyses, respectively.

International Journal of Polymer Science

tab1

Table 1

Table 1: Viscoelastic, Spectroscopic, and Microscopic Characterization of Novel Bio-Based Plasticized Poly(vinyl chloride) Compound 