Alginate: Current Use and Future Perspectives in Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Applications

Table 3

Examples of chemically modified-alginate based drug delivery systems and biomedical devices.

Type of modification	Material	Active substance	Biomedical or pharmaceutical application	Dosage form	Reference
Oxidation	Oxidized-NaALG	Limbal epithelial stem cells	Improvement of corneal wound healing therapy	Hydrogel	Wright et al. [10]
		Flurbiprofen	Sustained oral delivery	Beads	Maiti et al. [11]
Reductive-amination; of oxidized alginate	ALG-g-poly(ethylene glycol)	Human foreskin fibroblasts	Specific cell microencapsulation	Microspheres	Mahou et al. [12]
Sulfation	Sulfated ALG	—	Reduction of secretion inflammatory cytokines, improvement of the biocompatibility	Microspheres	Arlov et al. [13]
Phosphorylation	Phosphorylated ALG	—	Mineralization of hydroxyapatite and participation in the chelation process for tissue engineering	Gel	Coleman et al. [14]
Graft copolymerization	NaALG-co-polyacrylamide	Famotidine	Sustained release gastroretentive carrier	Hydrogel	Tripathi and Mishra [15]
	Starch--poly(acrylic acid)-NaALG	Diclofenac sodium	pH-sensitive matrices for the oral drug delivery	Hydrogel beads	Chang [16]
	ALG-glycidyl methacrylate	Human endothelial cell lines HUVEC and L929	Thermal polymerizable injectable hydrogel for tissue engineering, especially for myocardial repair	Hydrogel	Wang et al. [17]
	Galactosylated ALG	Hepatocytes	Cell carrier with mechanical stability and selective permeability	Microcapsules	Tian et al. [18]
	α-Cyclodextrin-ALG conjugate	Sphingomonas cloacae	Immobilization of bacteria	Beads	Pluemsab et al. [19]
	β-Cyclodextrin-ALG conjugate	Ondansetron	Controlled drug delivery systems	Gel	Izawa et al. [20]
Esterification	Propylene glycol ALG	Lysozyme	Protein encapsulation with a sustained release	Microparticles	Hurteaux et al. [21]