Curing Reaction and Dielectric Properties of Rigid and Elastic Liquid Crystal Epoxy Networks Modified with Nanofillers

<table class="table-group" id="tab3"><tr><td><table class="table"><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="5"><hr/></td></tr><tr class="thead"><td class="align_left">Parameters</td><td class="align_center"><svg height="14.45pt" id="M86" style="vertical-align:-5.48788pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.96212 12.1759 14.45" width="12.1759pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M620 675H597C578 656 570 650 541 650H144C112 650 104 653 94 675H72C59 618 42 552 23 493L53 491C71 534 88 564 105 585C124 608 144 615 238 615H290L197 121C182 40 174 34 88 28L82 0H361L367 28C275 34 266 38 281 121L374 615H441C522 615 543 608 553 583C562 560 566 531 565 493L597 494C603 551 612 629 620 675Z" id="g113-85"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,7.176,3.132)"><path d="M472 439C432 432 382 428 334 425C303 442 271 451 236 451H235C158 451 54 398 54 285C54 216 97 171 140 152C124 133 93 105 53 90C52 81 55 63 64 48C77 27 102 5 137 -6C115 -22 77 -53 57 -73C40 -88 32 -107 32 -130C32 -189 96 -253 208 -253C340 -253 461 -159 461 -56C461 44 378 63 314 63C281 63 246 62 207 62C163 62 145 80 145 99C145 114 160 130 175 141C191 138 210 136 226 136C314 136 405 188 405 294C405 329 393 359 376 382L433 378C448 387 469 415 477 430L472 439ZM226 417C282 417 320 364 320 288S281 172 236 171C180 171 142 224 142 300S182 417 226 417ZM248 -9C291 -9 319 -11 346 -22S390 -57 390 -90C390 -151 339 -199 246 -199C171 -199 114 -159 114 -106C114 -79 132 -53 159 -30C178 -15 200 -9 248 -9Z" id="g58-101"></path></g></svg> (K)</td><td class="align_center"><span style="width: 10.095ptpx;"><svg height="8.68572pt" id="M87" style="vertical-align:-0.0498209pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.6359 10.095 8.68572" width="10.095pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M743 375C743 570 607 650 407 650H136L130 622C214 612 220 606 204 526L125 122C110 43 105 36 24 27L17 0H250C382 0 482 23 571 76C680 141 743 248 743 375ZM644 379C644 188 520 36 305 36C277 36 249 38 229 46C205 55 202 71 212 126L293 553C300 588 306 600 317 606C330 613 356 617 390 617C547 617 644 537 644 379Z" id="g113-69"></path></g></svg></span></td><td class="align_center"><svg height="12.2532pt" id="M88" style="vertical-align:-3.29108pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.96212 12.249 12.2532" width="12.249pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M620 675H597C578 656 570 650 541 650H144C112 650 104 653 94 675H72C59 618 42 552 23 493L53 491C71 534 88 564 105 585C124 608 144 615 238 615H290L197 121C182 40 174 34 88 28L82 0H361L367 28C275 34 266 38 281 121L374 615H441C522 615 543 608 553 583C562 560 566 531 565 493L597 494C603 551 612 629 620 675Z" id="g113-85"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,7.176,3.132)"><path d="M245 635C92 635 37 457 37 312C37 149 91 -12 244 -12C395 -12 449 166 449 312C449 469 395 635 245 635ZM243 598C332 598 358 454 358 312C358 173 334 26 245 26C158 26 128 174 128 313S152 598 243 598Z" id="g50-49"></path></g></svg> (K)</td><td class="align_center"><span style="width: 10.3951ptpx;"><svg height="6.1673pt" id="M89" style="vertical-align:-0.2063904pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -5.96091 10.3951 6.1673" width="10.3951pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M766 88L752 113C719 83 690 64 681 64C674 64 672 74 679 103L724 292C758 436 724 448 701 448C680 448 666 442 639 429C594 407 514 350 441 252H439L447 289C476 423 450 448 419 448C398 448 379 441 355 427C307 400 234 344 162 249H160L180 324C203 409 197 448 170 448C144 448 82 413 23 349L35 321C57 343 96 374 108 374C115 374 117 371 111 341C87 227 57 112 24 -6L32 -12C53 -4 81 4 108 6C119 68 134 128 149 171C177 229 309 383 364 383C387 383 388 355 373 282C354 190 330 92 303 -6L309 -12C332 -4 356 3 386 6C396 63 411 122 424 171C458 236 590 383 642 383C658 383 664 369 652 315L603 91C587 20 593 -12 619 -12C642 -12 708 23 766 88Z" id="g113-110"></path></g></svg></span></td></tr><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="5"><hr/></td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">LCM/DDM</td><td class="align_center">378</td><td class="align_center">2</td><td class="align_center">337</td><td class="align_center">76</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">LCM/DDM_N</td><td class="align_center">408</td><td class="align_center">12</td><td class="align_center">275</td><td class="align_center">35</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">LCM/PA</td><td class="align_center">298</td><td class="align_center">33</td><td class="align_center">188</td><td class="align_center">68</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">LCM/PA_N</td><td class="align_center">313</td><td class="align_center">48</td><td class="align_center">194</td><td class="align_center">90</td></tr><tr class="table-tr"><td colspan="5"><hr class="tbody-hr"/></td></tr></table></td></tr></table>

<div>Glass transition temperature <svg height="17.0793pt" id="M84" style="vertical-align:-5.4879pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -11.5914 79.8846 17.0793" width="79.8846pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M620 675H597C578 656 570 650 541 650H144C112 650 104 653 94 675H72C59 618 42 552 23 493L53 491C71 534 88 564 105 585C124 608 144 615 238 615H290L197 121C182 40 174 34 88 28L82 0H361L367 28C275 34 266 38 281 121L374 615H441C522 615 543 608 553 583C562 560 566 531 565 493L597 494C603 551 612 629 620 675Z" id="g113-85"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,7.176,3.132)"><path d="M472 439C432 432 382 428 334 425C303 442 271 451 236 451H235C158 451 54 398 54 285C54 216 97 171 140 152C124 133 93 105 53 90C52 81 55 63 64 48C77 27 102 5 137 -6C115 -22 77 -53 57 -73C40 -88 32 -107 32 -130C32 -189 96 -253 208 -253C340 -253 461 -159 461 -56C461 44 378 63 314 63C281 63 246 62 207 62C163 62 145 80 145 99C145 114 160 130 175 141C191 138 210 136 226 136C314 136 405 188 405 294C405 329 393 359 376 382L433 378C448 387 469 415 477 430L472 439ZM226 417C282 417 320 364 320 288S281 172 236 171C180 171 142 224 142 300S182 417 226 417ZM248 -9C291 -9 319 -11 346 -22S390 -57 390 -90C390 -151 339 -199 246 -199C171 -199 114 -159 114 -106C114 -79 132 -53 159 -30C178 -15 200 -9 248 -9Z" id="g58-101"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,12.049,0)"><path d="M300 -147C201 -63 143 98 143 270S200 602 300 686L282 710C136 610 70 450 70 271V270C70 89 136 -72 282 -170L300 -147Z" id="g113-41"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,16.547,0)"><path d="M471 456L444 459C426 433 414 430 388 430C324 430 270 434 216 434C103 434 51 374 23 338L43 317C96 366 146 380 221 375L154 109C149 86 147 68 147 52C147 4 168 -12 197 -12C240 -12 291 25 334 71L320 96C295 75 268 58 252 58C238 58 227 79 238 138C251 211 272 296 292 372C310 372 332 368 350 368C391 368 421 369 434 371C444 388 455 413 471 456Z" id="g113-241"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,21.981,3.132)"><path d="M1006 650H829L492 147L357 650H174L166 618C270 609 275 601 247 502L194 315C158 189 136 127 122 96C104 56 80 37 18 32L12 0H256L263 32C181 40 176 51 183 98C188 132 197 179 226 281L299 541H301L433 6H458L809 551H811L753 141C739 41 734 39 650 32L642 0H917L923 32C836 39 827 41 839 142L887 535C896 610 901 612 997 618L1006 650Z" id="g50-78"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,31.037,3.132)"><path d="M310 541L304 571C290 586 211 619 185 610L80 76L131 52L310 541Z" id="g50-31"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,34.076,3.132)"><path d="M310 541L304 571C290 586 211 619 185 610L80 76L131 52L310 541Z" id="g50-31"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,41.548,0)"><path d="M535 323V373H52V323H535ZM535 138V188H52V138H535Z" id="g117-34"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,52.811,0)"><path d="M384 0V27C293 34 287 42 287 114V635C232 613 172 594 109 583V559L157 557C201 555 205 550 205 499V114C205 42 199 34 109 27V0H384Z" id="g113-50"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,59.051,0)"><path d="M241 635C89 635 35 457 35 312C35 153 89 -12 240 -12C390 -12 443 166 443 312C443 466 390 635 241 635ZM238 602C329 602 354 454 354 312C354 172 330 22 240 22C152 22 124 173 124 313S148 602 238 602Z" id="g113-49"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,65.338,-5.741)"><path d="M414 144C384 79 371 75 317 75H135L276 221C367 316 408 376 408 465C408 570 327 635 237 635C179 635 131 609 100 575L42 494L67 471C94 510 138 565 205 565C277 565 321 517 321 435C321 348 258 270 195 195C146 137 88 81 33 26V0H411C423 44 433 88 446 135L414 144Z" id="g50-51"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,70.284,0)"><path d="M352 391C352 416 319 448 267 448C236 448 173 423 147 400C107 364 96 332 96 304C96 248 143 210 193 181C241 153 258 124 258 100C258 72 232 38 184 38C151 38 107 66 81 108C77 114 64 116 55 111C34 99 23 84 23 65C23 29 81 -12 134 -12C220 -12 325 61 325 141C325 184 297 215 234 256C194 282 161 309 161 346C161 380 188 401 217 401C255 401 279 380 301 353C308 344 313 341 325 347C341 355 352 371 352 391Z" id="g113-116"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,75.159,0)"><path d="M275 270C275 450 212 609 64 710L45 686C145 604 203 442 203 270S147 -63 45 -147L64 -170C213 -68 275 89 275 270Z" id="g113-42"></path></g></svg> and fragility index <svg height="6.1673pt" id="M85" style="vertical-align:-0.2063904pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -5.96091 10.3951 6.1673" width="10.3951pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M766 88L752 113C719 83 690 64 681 64C674 64 672 74 679 103L724 292C758 436 724 448 701 448C680 448 666 442 639 429C594 407 514 350 441 252H439L447 289C476 423 450 448 419 448C398 448 379 441 355 427C307 400 234 344 162 249H160L180 324C203 409 197 448 170 448C144 448 82 413 23 349L35 321C57 343 96 374 108 374C115 374 117 371 111 341C87 227 57 112 24 -6L32 -12C53 -4 81 4 108 6C119 68 134 128 149 171C177 229 309 383 364 383C387 383 388 355 373 282C354 190 330 92 303 -6L309 -12C332 -4 356 3 386 6C396 63 411 122 424 171C458 236 590 383 642 383C658 383 664 369 652 315L603 91C587 20 593 -12 619 -12C642 -12 708 23 766 88Z" id="g113-110"></path></g></svg> for each of the investigated mixtures. Fragility index values obtained from VFT equation (<a href="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/ijps/volume-2018/9578654/figures/#EEq3" target="_blank">11</a>) and formula (<a href="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/ijps/volume-2018/9578654/figures/#EEq4" target="_blank">13</a>).</div>

International Journal of Polymer Science

tab3

Table 3

Table 3: Curing Reaction and Dielectric Properties of Rigid and Elastic Liquid Crystal Epoxy Networks Modified with Nanofillers 