Low-Pressure Membrane for Water Treatment Applications

Table 3

Analysis of produced water after treatment by membrane.

Parameter	Unit	Tap water with humic acid	M1 (PES)	M2 (PVDF)	M3 (PAN)	Limits of WHO [22]
Chloride	mg/L	45	45	45	45	200
Sulphate	mg/L	39	35	35	38	200
Total hardness	mg/L	148	140	140	144	200-500
Potassium	mg/L	6.5	6.5	6.5	6.5	10
Sodium	mg/L	51	51	51	51	200
Magnesium	mg/L	8.5	8.5	8.5	8.5	30
Calcium	mg/L	45	45	38	45	75
Turbidity	NTU	33	<1	<1	<1	<1
pH		7.5	7.5	7.5	7.5	7.5-8.5
EC	μs/cm	500	500	489	500	1500
TDS	mg/L	278	278	244	278	1000
COD	mg O2/L	36	3.5	2.5	3.6	10
BOD	mg/L	16	1.2	1.01	1.41	<3