Epoxy–Date Palm Fiber Composites: Study on Manufacturing and Properties

Table 2

Mechanical results of epoxy–DPF composites in the literature featuring different fiber types and chemical composition.

Type of fibers	Chemical composition of date palm	Mechanical properties			References
		Tensile strength (MPa)	Elongation (%)	Young’s modulus (GPa)
Date palm fibers	Cellulose wt% = 45–46	30–203	5–10	2–7.5	[22–26]
	Lignin wt% = 22–26
	Hemi-cellulose = 28–30
Date palm tree lignocellulosic fibers (from leaves)	Cellulose wt% = 35.00–50				[14, 27, 28]
	Lignin wt% = 27–29
	Hemi-cellulose = 20–27
Trunk fibers of date palm tree	Cellulose wt% = 34–40	170–300	Not mentioned	15.60	[29–31]
	Lignin wt% = 30–36
	Hemi-cellulose = 29–31
Fruit bunch stalk	Cellulose wt% = 39–44	51–114	4–12	4.33–2.67	[14, 28, 32]
	Lignin wt% = 11–30		2.88	1–19
	Hemi-cellulose = 20–27
Leaf stalk	Cellulose wt% = 35.00	26.45	Not mentioned	1.42	[17, 27, 28]
	Lignin wt% = 20.10
	Hemi-cellulose wt% = 15.40
Date palm meshes or leaf sheath fiber	Cellulose wt% = 43–46.00	36.17	Not mentioned	Not mentioned	[17, 18, 27]
	Lignin wt% = 20–28
	Hemi-cellulose wt% = 18–22
Date palm petiole fibers	Cellulose wt% = 33–34	90 ± 8.87			[27, 28]
	Lignin wt% = 26–28
	Hemi-cellulose wt% = 20–21
Date palm textile	Cellulose wt% = 46	453 MPa (vascular bundle) and 531 MPa (arch)	Not mentioned	5.88–13.3 GPa (vascular bundle) and 22 GPa (arch)	[21]
	Lignin wt% = 20
	Hemi-cellulose wt% = 28