Evaluation of Vitamin D Status in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Its Association with Disease Activity across 15 Countries: “The COMORA Study”
Table 3
Relationship between demographic and disease characteristics of RA patients and vitamin D status.
Vitamin D normal
Vitamin D insufficiency
Vitamin D deficiency
Age (years)
57.2 ± 12.7 19–86]
56.4 ± 12.8 [18–88]
59.2 ± 12.8 [19–88]
<0.001
Female sex
426 (36.3)
640 (54.6)
106 (9)
0.27
BMI (kg/m)
26.9 ± 5.7 15.1–53.9]
26.4 ± 5.7 [15.6–50.2]
25.9 ± 5.2 [16.1–47.2]
0.02
Smoking current/past
204 (35.8)
152 (26.7)
214 (37.5)
0.8
High educational level
377 (39.7)
509 (53.6)
64 (6.7)
<0.001
Disease duration (years)
11.8 ± 10 0.02–56.2]
10.1 ± 0.02–56.2]
10.3 ± 9.2 0–54]
1.0
Glucocorticoid intake
249 (36)
208 (30.1)
234 (33.9)
0.04
DAS28
3.3 ± 0.06 0–8.2]
3.5 ± 0.05 0.4–8.1]
3.6 ± 0.1 1.1–7.3]
0.01
HAQ
0.9 ± 0.6 [0.4–3]
1.02 ± 0.6 [0.4–3]
1.02 ± 0.6 0.4–2.9]
0.5
Mean ± DS; number and percentage; vitamin D ≥ 30 ng/mL, 10 ng/mL ≤ vitamin D < 30 ng/mL, and vitamin D < 10 ng/mL; BMI: body mass index; DAS28: Disease Activity Score using 28 joints; HAQ: health assessment questionnaire; significant if ≤0.05.
