Effect of Curcuma xanthorrhiza Supplementation on Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients with Hypovitamin D Which Were Given Vitamin D₃ towards Disease Activity (SLEDAI), IL-6, and TGF-β1 Serum

Table 2

Laboratory characteristics of research subjects.

Characteristics	Vitamin D3 + placebo; ( = 20)	Vitamin D3 + Curcuma xanthorrhiza ()	value
Hb (g/dL) (mean ± SD)	11.2 ± 1.6	11.9 ± 1.26	0.122
Total Lymphocytes Count (TLC) (mean ± SD) (…/mm^3)	1321.5 ± 608.2	1027.3 ± 384.4	0.081
Vitamin D (ng/ml) (mean ± SD)	14.9 ± 7.5	14.3 ± 6.5	0.779
Calcium (mg/dl) (mean ± SD)	8.9 ± 0.6	8.8 ± 0.4	0.630
Anti-dsDNA (IU/ml) (median; IQR)	43.7 (IQR: 22.7–207.0)	56.2 (IQR: 21.9–172.7)	0.903
AST (U/L) (mean ± SD)	25.4 ± 3.6	27.3 ± 3.3	0.641
ALT (U/L) (mean ± SD)	25.4 ± 4.6	25.2 ± 3.6	0.426
Urea (mg/dl) (mean ± SD)	28.4 ± 22.5	26.9 ± 10.7	0.491
Creatinine (mg/dl) (mean ± SD)	0.6 ± 0.2	0.8 ± 0.5	0.623
Protein-creatinine ratio (mg/g)	655 (IQR: 197.5–1637.5)	400 (IQR: 30.0–75.0)
ESR (mm/jam) (mean ± SD)	41.6 ± 23.3	49.9 ± 9	0.235
C3 (ug/ml) (median; IQR)	688.5 (IQR: 623.2–776.1)	652.3 (IQR: 592.8–870.1)	0.643
C4 (mg/ml) (median; IQR)	0.2 (IQR: 0.1–0.3)	0.2 (IQR: 0.1–0.3)	0.908
IL-6 (pg/ml) (median; IQR)	11.1 (IQR: 6.6–18.1)	6.8 (IQR: 4.7–15.5)	0.396
TGF-β1 (pg/ml) (median; IQR)	286.6 (IQR: 248.8–341.9)	279.3 (IQR: 249.3–313.1)	0.627
Ratio TGF-β1/IL-6 (mean ± SD)	35.2 ± 22.3	30.5 ± 18.1	0.469

IQR: interquartile.