The Contribution of Drugs and Helicobacter pylori to Gastric Mucosa Changes in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Antiphospholipid Syndrome
Table 5
Detection rates for GM injuries and H. pylori according to the administration of drugs.
Patient groups receivingdrugs at the time of study inclusion, n = 73
Drugs
H. pylori
Altered gastric mucosa,
Intact gastric mucosa,
P; OR; 95% CI
n = 69
n = 4
Glucocorticoids, n (%)
(+)
43 (62.3)
30 (69.8)
1 (100.0)
1 (25.0)
P1 = 0.0059; OR = 21.50; 95% CI 2.12-218.27
P2 = 0.70; OR = 0; 95% CI 0-NaN
(-)
13 (30.3)
0
ACs, n (%)
(+)
47 (68.1)
41 (87.2)
1 (50.0)
2 (50.0)
P1 = 0.011; OR = 11.75; 95% CI 1.84-75.15
P2 = 0.27; OR = 6.83; 95% CI 0.38-124.34
(-)
6 (12.8)
1 (50.0)
LDASA, n (%)
(+)
37 (53.6)
33 (89.2)
2 (66.7)
3 (75.0)
P1 = 0.041; OR = 6.17; 95% CI 1.15-33.11
P2 = 0.34; OR = 4.13; 95% CI 0.30-56.39
(-)
4 (10.8)
1 (33.3)
NSAID+LDASA, n (%)
(+)
19 (27.5)
13 (68.4)
0
1 (25.0)
P1 = 0.05; OR = 9.5; 95% CI 0.91-98.81
P2 = 0.35; OR = 0 95% CI 0
(-)
6 (31.6)
1 (100.0)
Patient group not receiving GCs, ACs, LDASA, NSAID + aspirin for 6 months or more (comparison group); n = 12
No drugs, n (%)
(+)
8 (66.7)
5 (62.5)
2 (50.0)
4 (33.3)
P1
-
(-)
3 (37.5)
2 (50.0)
Notes: LDASA – low-dose acetylsalicylic acid; NSAID – nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; ACs – anticoagulants. The percentage of patients with altered or intact GM was calculated from the number of all the patients in group. The percentage of H. pylori-positive patients was calculated from the number of those in the group receiving the appropriate drug. P1 - comparison of the number of patients with and without GM changes who took the appropriate drug with that in the comparison group. P2 - comparison of the number of patients taking the appropriate drug and having and not having GM changes according to the presence or absence of H. pylori.
