The Contribution of Drugs and Helicobacter pylori to Gastric Mucosa Changes in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Antiphospholipid Syndrome

Table 8

Gastric mucosal changes at EGD according to the administration of LDASA and the rate of H. pylori detection.

Altered gastric mucosa	H. pylori	Patients receiving LDASA,		Patients not receiving NSAID+LDASA,		Comparison group,		P; OR; (95%CI)
		n = 40		n = 25		n = 12
Antral gastritis,; n (%)	(+)	27 (84.4)	32 (80.0)	14 (70.0)	20 (80.0)	3 (60.0)	5 (41.7)	P1 = 0.016; OR = 5.6; (95% CI 1.40-22.36)	P2 = 0.23; OR = 3.6; (95% CI 0.47-27.35)	P3 = 0.63; OR = 1.0; (95% CI 0.29-3.49)	P4 = 0.19; OR = 2.31; (95% CI 0.60- 8.94)
	(-)	5 (15.6)		6 (30.0)		2 (40.0)
Pangastritis,; n (%)	(+)	0	0	5 (100.0)	5 (20.0)	2 (100.0)	2 (16.7)	P1 = 0.05; OR = 0; (95% CI 0-NaN)	P2 = 1	P3 = 0.006; OR = 0; (95% CI 0-NaN)	P4 = 1
	(-)	0		0		0
Gastric mucosal erosion,; n (%)	(+)	10 (90.9)	11 (27.5)	3 (60.0)	5 (20.0)	2 (100.0)	2 (16.7)	P1 = 0.36; OR = 1.90; (95% CI 0.36-10.07)	P2 = 0.85; OR = 0; (95% CI 0 -NaN)	P3 = 0.35; OR = 1.52; (95% CI 0.46-5.04)	P4 = 0.21; OR = 6.67; (95% CI 0.44-101.74)
	(-)	1 (9.1)		2 (40.0)		0
Gastric mucosal hemorrhage,; n (%)	(+)	3 (75.0)	4 (10.0)	2 (100)	2 (8.0)	1 (100.0)	1 (8.3)	P1 = 0.68; OR = 1.22; (95% CI 0.12-12.11)	P2 = 0.80; OR = 0; (95% CI 0-NaN)	P3 = 0.58; OR = 1.28; (95% CI 0.22-7.55)	P4 = 0.67; OR = 0; (95% CI 0-NaN)
	(-)	1 (25.0)		0		0
Intact gastric mucosa,; n (%)	(+)	4 (80.0)	5 (12.5)	1 (50.0)	2 (8.0)	2 (50.0)	4 (33.3)	P1 = 0.11; OR = 3.5; (95% CI 0.76-16.05)	P2 = 0.40; OR = 4; (95% CI 0.21-75.66)	P3 = 0.45; OR = 0.61; (95% CI 0.11-3.41)	P4 = 0.52; OR = 4; (95% CI 0.12-136.97)
	(-)	1 (20.0)		1 (50.0)		2 (50.0)

Notes: LDASA: low-dose acetylsalicylic acid.
The percentage of patients with appropriate GM changes in the LDASA, non-NSAID+LDASA, and comparison groups was calculated from the total number of patients in the corresponding group.
The percentage of H. pylori-positive patients was calculated from the number of those with appropriate GM changes in the LDASA, non- NSAID+LDASA, and comparison groups.
Р₁: comparison of the number of patients with and without appropriate GM changes in the comparison and LDASA groups.
Р₂: comparison of the number of H. pylori-positive and H. pylori-negative patients with an appropriate GM change in the comparison and LDASA groups.
Р₃: comparison of the number of patients with and without appropriate GM changes in the LDASA and non-LDASA groups.
Р₄: comparison of the number of H. pylori-positive and H. pylori-negative patients with an appropriate GM change in the LDASA and non-LDASA groups.