A System on a Programmable Chip Architecture for Data-Dependent Superimposed Training Channel Estimation

Table 3

Comparisons between software-only and hardware optimized operations.

Operation	Implementation				Performance increment
	Software only		Hardware accelerated
	Cycles	Time [ms]	Cycles	Time [ms]
Vector reshape and arithmetic mean	74824	0.75	2238	0.02	37.5x
1024 points FFT	1591929	15.92	56743	0.57	27.92x
Norm of all the output data from the FFT	3144061	31.44	138511	1.39	22.61x
CFO iterative process	354248859	3.54249	319750003	3.1975	1.1x