|
Study period/country | Sample | Effect of IPI | Reference category for statistical analysis | Controlled for |
|
Wong et al. 2015 [6] USA (EAGeR trial) period 2006–2012 | 724 pregnant women with 1-2 prior pregnancy losses | No association between adverse pregnancy outcomes including pregnancy loss and IPI (<3 months or > 3 months) | Unknown | Demographic and reproductive history characteristics |
|
Makhlouf et al. 2014 [7] USA, period 2003–2008 | Nulliparous women 7681 primigravida 1240 with 1-2 previous spontaneous pregnancy losses (SAB) 817 with a previous induced abortion (IAB) | On fetal/neonatal death and other adverse outcomes after SAB and IAB No statistically significant difference for various IPI (<6, 6–12, >12 months) on risk of fetal loss and neonatal death | Primigravida Women with one previous SAB and IPI < 6 months | Maternal age, race, education, smoking, marital status, BMI, and use of vitamins C and E |
|
DaVanzo et al. 2012 [4] Bangladesh (Matlab), period 1977–2008 | 9214 women with a miscarriage (spontaneous abortion prior to gestation of 28 weeks) | The shorter the IPI following a miscarriage is, the more likely the next pregnancy results in a live birth No significant effects of IPI duration on risks of a stillbirth Relative risk of a subsequent miscarriage increases with IPI duration | Women with a previous miscarriage and IPI of 6–12 months | Maternal age, education, gravidity, and calendar year |
|
Love et al. 2010 [5] Scottish hospital data, period 1981–2000 | 30,937 women with a miscarriage in first recorded pregnancy | On miscarriage, ectopic pregnancy, IAB, and stillbirth Women with IPI < 6 months had less likely a miscarriage, highest sign Risk for women with IPI > 24 months No significant effect of IPI duration on risk of stillbirth | Women with a miscarriage and IPI of 6–12 months | Maternal age, socioeconomic status, year of first conception, and smoking |
|
Conde-Agudelo et al. 2005 [9] Latin America period 1985–2002 | 258,108 women with a previous abortion | On fetal death and other adverse outcomes No significant difference of effect of IPI on fetal death or on neonatal death | Women with an IPI of 18–23 months |
Maternal age, parity, education, smoking, marital status, BMI, year of delivery, hypertension, nbr antenatal checks, hospital type, and geographical area |
|