Role of Ultrasound in Body Stalk Anomaly and Amniotic Band Syndrome

Table 3

Differential diagnosis of abdominal wall defects in first trimester.

	Herniated viscera	Herniation site	Umbilical cord	Amniotic membrane	Coelomic space	Fetal mobility	Spine
Exomphalos	Liver and bowel	Base of Umbilical cord	Free floating	Continuous. Fused with Chorion	Obliterated	Normal	Normal/kyphoscoliosis
Gastroschisis	Bowel	Amniotic cavity	Free floating	Continuous. Fused with Chorion	Obliterated	Normal	Normal
Pentalogy of Cantrell	Heart, liver & bowel	Amniotic cavity	Free floating	Continuous. Fused with Chorion	Obliterated	Normal	Normal
Cloacal exstrophy & OEIS complex	Cloaca	Amniotic cavity	Free floating	Continuous. Fused with Chorion	Obliterated	Normal	Normal/kyphoscoliosis
Body stalk anomaly	Liver and bowel	Coelomic cavity	Absent/short cord	Interrupted at the site of herniation	Contain abdominal organ	Stuck through abdominal organ	Kyphoscoliosis
Abdominoschisis with amniotic bands	Liver and bowel	Amniotic cavity	Free floating	Ruptured	Obliterated	Normal	Normal