Complementary and Alternative Medicine Use in a Pregnant Population, Northwest Ethiopia
Table 1
Sociodemographic characteristics of pregnant women and their association with CAM use in univariate and multiple logistic regression models ().
Characteristics
Overall (%)
CAM use (%)
value a
COR (95% CI)
value a
AOR (95% CI)
Yes
No
Age (year)
<20
17 (6)
15 (6.0)
2 (6.7)
1 (ref)
20-30
176 (62.4)
156 (61.9)
20 (66.7)
0.96
0.96 (0.20-4.52)
—
—
>30
89 (31.6)
81 (32.1)
8 (26.7)
0.71
0.74 (0.14-3.83)
—
—
Religion
Orthodox
222 (78.7)
200 (79.4)
22 (73.3)
0.123
0.11 (0.007-1.82)
—
—
Muslim
55 (19.5)
48 (19.0)
7 (23.3)
0.99
—
—
—
Protestant
3 (1.1)
3 (1.2)
0 (0.0)
0.19
0.15 (0.008-2.60)
—
—
Catholic
2 (0.7)
1 (0.4)
1 (3.3)
1 (ref)
Marital status
Married
256 (90.8)
232 (92.1)
24 (80.0)
1 (ref)
1 (ref)
Single
20 (7.1)
15 (6.0)
5 (16.7)
0.036
3.22 (1.07-9.64)
0.18
2.39 (0.663-8.65)
Divorced
4 (1.4)
3 (1.2)
1 (3.3)
0.31
3.22 (0.32-32.19)
0.32
3.50 (0.28-43.20)
Widowed
2(0.7)
2 (0.8)
0 (0.0)
0.99
—
0.99
—
Educational
Unable to write and read
78 (27.7)
75 (29.8)
3 (10.0)
0.04
0.20 (0.046-0.93)
0.14
0.29 (0.05-1.53)
Able to write and read
44 (15.6)
38 (15.1)
6 (20.0)
0.76
0.82 (0.22-2.97)
0.95
1.03 (0.26-4.10)
Primary school
53 (18.8)
50 (19.8)
3 (10.0)
0.13
0.31 (0.069-1.40)
0.30
0.44 (0.09-2.11)
Secondary school
76 (27)
63 (25.0)
13 (43.3)
0.90
1.07 (0.34-3.31)
0.96
1.02 (0.31-3.31)
College/university
31 (11)
26 (10.3)
5 (16.7)
1 (ref)
1 (ref)
Occupation
Unemployed/house wife
162 (57.4)
147 (58.3)
15 (50.0)
0.37
0.54 (0.14-2.08)
—
—
Part time
43 (15.2)
40 (15.9)
3 (10.0)
0.29
0.40 (0.07-2.19)
—
—
Full time
58 (20.6)
49 (19.4)
9 (30.0)
0.97
0.98 (0.23-4.06)
—
—
Student
19 (6.7)
16 (6.3)
3 (10.0)
1 (ref)
Monthly income (Ethiopian birr)
No income
20 (7.1)
20 (7.9)
0 (0.0)
0.99
—
—
—
<500
86 (30.5)
82 (32.5)
4 (13.3)
0.19
0.25 (008-0.79)
—
—
500-999
83 (29.4)
72 (28.6)
11 (36.7)
0.59
0.79 (0.34-1.84)
—
—
>1000
93 (33)
78 (31.0)
15 (50.0)
1 (ref)
Previous number of children
No
108 (38.3)
92 (36.5)
16 (53.3)
0.05
3.30 (0.92-11.84)
0.42
1.82 (0.41-8.05)
1
60 (21.3)
52 (20.6)
8 (26.7)
0.12
2.92 (0.73-11.60)
0.31
2.16 (0.48-9.71)
2
54 (19.1)
51 (20.2)
3 (10.0)
0.89
1.11 (0.21-5.78)
0.73
0.73 (0.12-4.31)
≥3
60 (21.3)
57 (22.6)
3 (10.0)
1 (ref)
1 (ref)
Pregnancy status
1st trimester
55 (19.5)
47 (18.7)
8 (26.7)
1 (ref)
2nd trimester
124 (44)
109 (43.3)
15 (50.0)
0.65
0.80 (0.32-2.03)
—
—
3rd trimester
103 (26.5)
96 (38.1)
7 (23.3)
0.12
0.42 (0.14-1.25)
—
—
Antenatal care
No
47 (16.7)
39 (15.5)
8 (26.7)
1 (ref)
1 (ref)
Midwife
209 (74.1)
191 (75.8)
18 (60.0)
0.05
0.45 (0.18-1.13)
0.62
0.77 (0.27-2.18)
Nurse
10 (3.5)
8 (3.2)
2 (6.7)
0.82
1.21 (0.21-6.84)
0.39
2.30 (0.34-15.59)
Physician
16 (5.7)
14 (5.6)
2 (6.7)
0.67
0.69 (0.13-3.68)
0.93
1.08 (0.18-6.50)
Residency
Urban
241 (85.5)
214 (84.9)
27 (90.0)
0.45
0.62 (0.18-2.16)
—
—
Rural
41 (14.5)
38 (15.1)
3 (10.0)
1 (ref)
CAM: complementary and alternative medicine; a value refers to the significance of the differences between CAM users and non-CAM users using the chi-square test; COR: crude odds ratio; AOR: adjusted odds ratio; CI: confidence interval; odds ratio and their 95% CI were derived using a binary logistic regression model with CAM use as the dependent variable.
