Ubiquitous Computing for Remote Cardiac Patient Monitoring: A Survey

Table 1

Parameter	3G (including 2.5G, sub 3G)	4G
Major requirement, Driving architecture	Predominantly voice driven-data was always add on	Converged data and voice over IP
Network architecture	Wide area cell-based	Hybrid-integration of wireless LAN (Wi-Fi, Bluetooth) and wide area
Speeds	384 Kbps to 2 Mbps	20 to 100 Mbps in mobile mode
Frequency band	Dependent on country or continent (1800–2400 MHz)	2–8 GHz
Bandwidth	5–20 MHz	100 MHz (or more)
Switching design basis	Circuit and packet	All digital with packetized voice
Access technologies	W-CDMA, 1xRTT, edge	OFDM and MC-CDMA
Forward error correction	Convolutional rate 1/2, 1/3	Concatenated coding scheme
Component design	Optimized antenna design, multiband adapters	Smarter antennas, software multiband and wideband radios
IP	A number of air link protocols, including IP 5.0	All IP (IP6.0)