Review Article
Telehealth Interventions for Family Caregivers of Persons with Chronic Health Conditions: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials
Table 6
Characteristics of telehealth interventions by delivery modality.
(a) |
| Telephone interventions () | Authors | Caregiver intervention components | Caregiver applications | User control | Skills training group (G) or individual (I) | Psychoeducation & resource materials | Self-monitoring/tracking | Reminders | Counseling group (G) or individual (I) | Email | Discussion forum/online chat | Online journal | Text message | Telephone calls | Useful links & resources | Facilitator-guided | Self-guided |
| Au et al. [13] | X (I) | X | | | X (I) | | | | | | | X | | Bakas et al. [14] | X (I) | X | X | | | | | | | | | X | | Bakas et al. [15] | X (I) | X | | | | | | | | | | X | | Campbell et al. [16] | X (G) | | X | | | | | | | | | X | | Chodosh et al. [17] | X (I) | X | | | X(I) | | | | | | | X | | Davis et al. [18] | X (I) | X | X | | | | | | | | | X | | Demiris et al. [19] | X (I) | | | | | | | | | | | X | | Dionne-Odom et al. [20] | X (I) | | | | | | | | | | | X | | Dollinger and Chwalisz [21] | X (I) | | | | | | | | | X | | X | | Elliott et al. [22] | X (I) | X | | | | | | | | | | X | | Elliott and Berry [23] | X (I) | | | | | | | | | | | X | | Farran et al. [24] | X (G) & (I) | | | | | | | | | | | X | | Farran et al. [25] | X (I) | | X | | | | | | | | | X | | Finkel et al. [26] | X (I) | | | | X (G) | | | | | | | X | | Gant et al. [27] | X (I) | X | X | | | | | | | | | X | | Grant et al. [28] | X (I) | | X | | | | | | | | | X | | Hartke and King [29] | | X | | | X (G) | | | | | | | X | | Hu et al. [30] | X (G) & (I) | | | | | | | | | X | | X | | Keeping-Burke et al. [31] | | X | | | X (I) | | | | | | | X | | King et al. [32] | X (I) | | X | | | | | | | | | X | | Kwok et al. [33] | X (I) | X | | | | | | | | | | X | | Lingler et al. [34] | X (I) | X | | | | | | | | | | X | | McCann et al. [35] | | X | | | | | | | | X | | | X | Porter et al. [36] | X (G) | X | | | | | | | | | | X | | Rivera et al. [37] | X (I) | X | | | | | | | | | | X | | Shaw et al. [38] | | | | | X (I) | | | | | | | X | | Smith and Toseland [39] | X (G) | X | | | X (G) | | | | | X | | X | | Tanner et al. [40] | X (I) | X | | | | | | | | X | | X | | Tremont et al. [41] | X (I) | X | | X | | | | | | | | X | | Tremont et al. [42] | | X | | | X (I) | | | | | | | X | | Wilz et al. [43] | X (I) | | | | | | | | | | | X | | Wilz and Soellner et al. [44] | X (I) | X | | | X (I) | | | | | | | X | | Winter and Gitlin [45] | | X | | | X (G) | | | | | | | | X |
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(b) |
| Web interventions () | Authors | Caregiver intervention components | Caregiver applications | User control | Skills training group (G) or individual (I) | Psychoeducation & resource materials | Self-monitoring/tracking | Reminders | Counseling group (G) or individual (I) | Email | Discussion forum/online chat | Online journal | Text message | Telephone calls | Useful links & resources | Facilitator-guided | Self-guided |
| Beauchamp et al. [46] | X (I) | X | | | | | | | | | | | X | Blom et al. [47] | X (I) | X | | X | | X | | | | | | | X | Chih et al. [48] | X (I) | X | X | X | | X | X | | | | X | | X | Hattink et al. [49] | X (I) | X | | | | | X | | | | X | | X | Kajiyama et al. [50] | X (I) | X | | | | | | | | | | | X | Klemm et al. [51] | | | | | X (G) | | X | | | | | X | | Marziali and Donahue [52] | | X | | | X (G) | X | X | | | | X | X | | Petranovich et al. [53] | X (G) | | | | | | | | | | | | X | Pierce et al. [54] | | | | | | X | | | | X | X | | X | Raj et al. [55] | X (G) | X | | | | | | | | | X | X | | Smith et al. [56] | X (G) | X | X | | | X | X | | | | X | X | | Vander Stoep et al. [57] | X (G) | X | | | | | | | | | | X | | Wade et al. [58] | X (G) | X | | | | | | | | | X | | X | Wade et al. [59] | X (G) | X | | | | | | | | | X | X | |
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(c) |
| Combined telephone and web interventions () | Authors | Caregiver intervention components | Caregiver applications | User control | Skills training group (G) or individual (I) | Psychoeducation & resource materials | Self-monitoring/tracking | Reminders | Counseling group (G) or individual (I) | Email | Discussion forum/online chat | Online journal | Text message | Telephone calls | Useful links & resources | Facilitator-guided | Self-guided |
| Eisdorfer et al. [60] | | X | | | X (G) | | X | | | | X | X | | Grover et al. [61] | | X | | | X (I) | X | X | | | | | | X | Hicken et al. [62] | X (I) | X | X | | | | | | | X | X | | X | Mahoney et al. [63] | X (I) | X | X | | | | X | | | | | | X | Oliver et al. [64] | | | X | | | | | | | | | X | | Piette et al. [65] | | X | X | X | | X | | | | X | X | | X | Powell et al. [66] | X (I) | X | | | | | | | | | | X | | Steel et al. [67] | | X | X | | X (I) | | X | X | | X | X | X | | Steffen and Grant [68] | X (I) | X | | | | | | | | | | X | | Williams et al. [69] | X (I) | X | | | | | | | | | | X | |
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