Determinants of Intravascular Resistance in Indian Diabetic Nephropathy Patients: A Hospital-Based Study

Table 1

Baseline characteristics of different groups.

Variable	Diabetic nephropathy (Group A) (𝑛=31)	Diabetics with microalbuminuria (Group B) (𝑛=14)	Diabetics without microalbuminuria (Group C) (𝑛=12)	Nondiabetic controls; (𝑛=19)	𝑃-value
Age (yrs); Median ± IQR	58±14.25	60±15	58.50±15	50.00±22.25	.059 (NS)
Sex Ratio (M/F)	20/11	7/7	10/2	13/6	.351 (NS)
Duration of diabetes (yrs) Median ± IQR	7.00±11.25	3.5±11.75	2.5±19.25	—	.179 (NS)
BMI (Kg/m^2); Mean ± SD	22.416±4.218	22.451±4.007	24.008±4.756	21.872± 3.974	.581 (NS)
Treatment diabetes (OHA/Insulin)	21/10	9/5	9/2	—	.602 (NS)
Treatment hypertension; (ACE or ARB/others)	9/22	8/6	0/12	1/18	<.001
Serum Creatinine; Median ± IQR	1.9±2.1	1.2±1.2	1±0.4	0.9±0.1	<.001
GFR (ml/min); Mean ± SD	37.134±23.5	48.383±21.042	71.456±32.666	78.455±18.96	<.001
FBS (mg/dl); Median ± IQR	170±130.5	180±100	157±74.5	78±15	<.001*
Hb1Ac (%); Median ± IQR	8.5±3.15	8.0±2.2	7.15±1.55	4.1±0.3	<.001*
Cholesterol (mg/dl); Median ± IQR	106±28.5	102.5±75	73.5±44	73±9.75	<.001**
Triglyceride (mg/dl); Median ± IQR	120±126	127±153	102±97.5	88±20	.144
Mean blood pressure (mmHg); Mean ± SD	96.75±12.1	97.95±10.5	92.5±10.195	97.36±16.16	.691 (NS)
Fundus staging (early/late) Early = stage 1&2; Late = stage 3&4	19/12	8/2 *	3/0 *	—	.256 (NS)

*There was no significant difference between groups A, B, and C.
**There was no significant difference between A and B, but significant difference between A and C, and between B and C.