Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Gene Insertion/Deletion Polymorphism and Small Vessel Cerebral Stroke in Indian Population

Table 1

The demographic characteristics and ACE I/D genotype distributions of the study groups.

Characteristics	Controls, n = 236 (%)	Cases n = 128 (%)
Age, years; (mean ± SD)	49.1 ± 11.6	51.4 ± 14.0^ns
Male/female (%)	142/94 (60.1/39.9)	81/47 (63.6/36.4)^ns
SBP (mm Hg)	124.03 ± 10.83	137.05 ± 22.03^†
DBP (mm Hg)	81.58 ± 9.17	85.93 ± 11.65^†
Smokers (%)	22 (9.5)	31 (24.4)^†
Alcohol use (%)	19 (8.2)	19 (14.7)^ns
HT (%)	30 (12.7)	62 (48.4)^†
DM (%)	16 (6.9)	10 (7.7)^ns
ACE I/D genotype	Control n = 236 (%)	Case n = 128 (%)
II	75 (31.8)	44 (34.4)
ID	102 (43.2)	56 (43.7)
DD	59 (25.0)	28 (21.9)
OR at 95% CI	UOR	AOR§
ID versus II	0.93 (0.57–1.53)^ns	1.12 (0.49–1.42)^ns
DD versus II	0.81 (0.45–1.45)^ns	1.23 (0.51–1.91)^ns
ID + DD versus II (dominant)	0.89 (0.56–1.41)^ns	0.92 (0.29–1.22)^ns
ID + II versus DD (recessive)	1.19 (0.71–1.98)^ns	1.34 (0.52–1.55)^ns

ACE: angiotensin-converting enzyme; HT: hypertensive; DM: diabetic; OR: odds ratio; UOR: unadjusted odds ratio; AOR: adjusted odds ratio.
^†P < 0.002; ^nsP > 0.2; §with age and gender.