Changes in Cardiopulmonary Reserve and Peripheral Arterial Function Concomitantly with Subclinical Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Patients with Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction

Table 1

Baseline characteristics of the study population.

Clinical variables	HFpEF patients; (𝑛=18)	Healthy controls; (𝑛=14)
Age (years)	70.7±8.9^∗	61.7±9.9
Male	5 (28%)	6 (43%)
Heart rate (bpm)	60.8±8.9^∗	70.2±7.7
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)	125±16	126±18
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)	72.4±8.2	76.3 ± 7.1
Duration of heart failure (months)	22.3±24.2	—
NYHA functional class
II	15 (83%)	0 (0%)
III	3 (17%)	0 (0%)
Etiology of heart failure
Ischemic	3 (17%)	0 (0%)
Hypertension	15 (83%)	0 (0%)
Laboratory values
Haemoglobin (mg/L)	131±13^∗∗	145±12
Serum creatinine (𝜇mol/L)	106±43^∗	79.7±15.4
Medications
ACE inhibitors	1 (6%)	0 (0%)
ARBs	12 (67%)	0 (0%)
Beta-blockers	9 (50%)	0 (0%)
Radionuclide angiography
LVEF (%)	57.5±7.0^∗	52.1±6.2
LVEDV (mL)	118.3±33.3^∗	98.0±19.1
PFR (EDV/s)	1.95±0.50^∗	2.34±0.42
TPFR (ms)	182±53^∗	147±40

ACE: angiotensin-converting enzyme; ARBs: angiotensin II receptor blockers; LVEDV: left ventricle end-diastolic volume; PFR: peak filling rate of the left ventricle; TPFR: time to peak filling rate of the left ventricle; LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction; NYHA: New York Heart Association. Continuous variables are expressed as mean ± standard deviation and categorical variables as frequencies and percentages. *𝑃<0.05; **𝑃<0.01.