Changes in Cardiopulmonary Reserve and Peripheral Arterial Function Concomitantly with Subclinical Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Patients with Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction

Table 2

Exercise haemodynamics and gas exchange parameters for the study population.

Stress variables	HFpEF patients; (𝑛=18)	Healthy controls; (𝑛=14)
Duration (min)	8.33±0.48^∗	10.36±0.55
Maximal energy expenditure (METS)	4.81±0.21^∗∗∗	8.07±0.48
Peak exercise heart rate (bpm)	106±5^∗∗∗	162±6
Peak exercise systolic blood pressure (mmHg)	158±6^∗	180±7
Peak exercise diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)	74.1±1.9	79.6±2.2
Peak VO2 (mL/kg/min)	12.0±0.44^∗∗∗	19.1±1.07
% of VO2 predicted for age	87±5^∗∗∗	123±6
Heart rate recovery at 1 min (bpm)	17.0±2.2^∗	24.4±2.6
Heart rate recovery at 2 min (bpm)	32.1±3.1^∗∗∗	50.0±3.6
VE/VCO2 slope	33.6^∗	29.3
OUES	1.55±0.12^∗	2.06±0.14

METS: metabolic equivalent tasks; OUES: oxygen uptake efficiency slope; VCO₂: exhale carbon dioxide; VE: ventilation; VO₂: oxygen uptake. Values are expressed as adjusted mean ± standard error or adjusted geometric mean. ^∗𝑃<0.05; ^∗∗∗𝑃<0.001. For the VE/VCO₂ slope variable, there was a significant interaction age * group. In this table, we present the adjusted geometric means for an age of 68 years (median value) which is the closest age compared with our HFpEF patients. For 𝑄1 (61 year old), there was no significant difference between HFpEF patients and healthy control subjects (30.9 versus 29.7, 𝑃=0.57). For 𝑄3 (75 year old), there was a significant difference between HFpEF and healthy control subjects (36.7 versus 28.9, 𝑃<0.01).