Single Low-Density Lipoprotein Apheresis Does Not Improve Vascular Endothelial Function in Chronically Treated Hypercholesterolemic Patients

Table 3

Plasma antioxidants, markers of oxidative/nitrative stress, and nitric oxide status in patients prior to (Pre) and following LDL apheresis treatment.

	Pre	Post	1 d	3 d	7 d	14 d	(time)
α-tocopherol, µmol/L	63.68 ± 46.85	21.88 ± 12.24	36.92 ± 20.58	44.50 ± 23.30^†	50.60 ± 27.36^†	53.77 ± 29.11^†	<0.01
Δα-tocopherol, %	—	−63.0 ± 5.1	−36.4 ± 14.0	−23.2 ± 14.0^†	−13.2 ± 15.2^†	−8.6 ± 12.4^†	<0.01
γ-tocopherol, µmol/L	3.89 ± 2.55	1.72 ± 1.11	3.52 ± 2.87	3.75 ± 2.21	4.60 ± 2.37^†	4.76 ± 2.48	<0.01
Δγ-tocopherol, %	—	−52.2 ± 14.8	−14.4 ± 21.2	0.4 ± 12.3^†	34.0 ± 51.9^†	25.0 ± 33.3	<0.01
Nitro-γ-tocopherol, nmol/L	128.52 ± 53.79	39.84 ± 17.91	69.44 ± 43.47	80.39 ± 48.81	96.27 ± 43.29^†	104.76 ± 41.45^†	<0.01
Δnitro-γ-tocopherol, %	—	−69.2 ± 1.9	−49.0 ± 13.6	−40.8 ± 14.8	−25.0 ± 13.0^†	−16.4 ± 19.4^†	<0.01
MDA, µmol/L	1.00 ± 0.12	1.10 ± 0.17	0.94 ± 0.17	0.94 ± 0.13	1.04 ± 0.10	1.13 ± 0.20	0.17
ΔMDA, %	—	10.6 ± 15.9	−6.2 ± 10.9	−6.0 ± 15.8	4.6 ± 15.6	14.0 ± 26.1	0.18
ADMA, nmol/L	607.9 ± 171.4	610.9 ± 61.6	624.5 ± 51.7	624.2 ± 88.9	656.0 ± 116.6	571.8 ± 102.8	0.52
ΔADMA, %	—	4.2 ± 17.9	7.6 ± 23.5	5.4 ± 15.0	11.2 ± 23.6	−4.2 ± 9.6	0.26
ARG, µmol/L	85.87 ± 8.21	88.36 ± 17.17	92.81 ± 7.42	88.33 ± 11.37	90.68 ± 11.85	85.12 ± 9.07	0.55
ΔARG, %	—	3.4 ± 19.7	8.4 ± 2.3	2.6 ± 7.6	5.4 ± 7.2	−0.8 ± 7.5	0.52
ADMA : ARG, nmol/µmol	7.01 ± 1.33	7.12 ± 1.52	6.74 ± 0.54	7.11 ± 0.96	7.23 ± 0.84	6.74 ± 1.11	0.90
ΔADMA : ARG, %	—	1.8 ± 13.2	−0.8 ± 21.6	3.0 ± 14.7	5.6 ± 18.2	−3.4 ± 7.9	0.86

Data are means ± SD; . Δ, relative change from Pre; ADMA, asymmetric dimethylarginine; ARG, arginine; MDA, malondialdehyde. from Pre; ^† from Post.