Effect of Exercise Intervention on Flow-Mediated Dilation in Overweight and Obese Adults: Meta-Analysis

Table 3

FMD protocol and outcomes.

Author anB3:H25	Timing of measurement	Placed cuff	Treatment group				Control group
			Preintervention		Postintervention		Preintervention		Postintervention
			mean	SD	mean	SD	mean	SD	mean	SD
Ades et al. (2011) a [23]	Fast	Brachial artery	2.9	3.6	6.5	3.5
Ades et al. (2011) b [23]	Fast	Brachial artery	3.6	4.1	4.9	3.8
Baynard et al. (2009) a [24]	Overnight fast	Brachial artery	8	1.5	7.5	1.2
Baynard et al. (2009) b [24]	0.5–1 h ingestion	Brachial artery	6	1.1	6.3	1.1
Baynard et al. (2009) c [24]	Overnight fast	Brachial artery	10.4	1.1	10.2	0.9
Baynard et al. (2009) d [24]	0.5–1 h ingestion	Brachial artery	9.8	0.8	8.5	0.8
Bhutani et al. (2013) a [25]	NR	Brachial artery	3.8	1.2	6.4	0.8	4.8	1.2	9.7	1.8
Bhutani et al. (2013) b [25]	NR	Brachial artery	6.8	1.3	7.2	1.4	7	3.3	6.3	3
Blumenthal et al. (2010) [26]	Overnight fast	Brachial artery			4	1			3.8	1
Choo et al. (2014) a [27]	Overnight fast	Brachial artery	11.28	3.5	11.55	3.8
Choo et al. (2014) b [27]	Overnight fast	Brachial artery	11.28	3.5	11.08	4.05
Choo et al. (2014) c [27]	Overnight fast	Brachial artery	11.28	3.5	10.7	3.75
Choo et al. (2014) d [27]	Overnight fast	Brachial artery	10.32	3.8	11.22	4.43
Choo et al. (2014) e [27]	Overnight fast	Brachial artery	10.32	3.8	10.89	4.33
Choo et al. (2014) f [27]	Overnight fast	Brachial artery	10.32	3.8	11.54	4.99
Choo et al. (2014) g [27]	Overnight fast	Brachial artery	11.02	3.49	11.1	3.4
Choo et al. (2014) h [27]	Overnight fast	Brachial artery	11.02	3.49	12.41	4.27
Choo et al. (2014) i [27]	Overnight fast	Brachial artery	11.02	3.49	11.3	4.04
Cotie et al. (2014) [28]	NR	Brachial artery	4	0.5	6.9	0.6
Davison et al. (2008) a [29]	NR	Brachial artery	5.37	0.68	−0.4	0.77	3.65	1.4	−0.3	0.53
Davison et al. (2008) b [29]	NR	Brachial artery	4.05	0.51	1.5	0.68	4.12	0.75	1.8	0.89
Fayh et al. (2013) [30]	Overnight fast	Brachial artery	8.1	3.6	10.7	3.6	9.9	3.4	10.1	5.8
Franklin et al. (2015) [31]	NR	Brachial artery	9.5	1.6	9.8	1.6	8.4	3.5	8	3.3
Hamdy et al. (2003) [32]	NR	Brachial artery	7.9	1	12.9	1.2
Kwon et al. (2011) a [33]	10 h fast	Brachial artery	4.3	1.6	6.4	1.9	4.7	1.9	4	1.9
Kwon et al. (2011) b [33]	10 h fast	Brachial artery	4.9	2.5	5.6	2.8	4.7	1.9	4	1.9
Olson et al. (2006) [34]	Overnight fast	Brachial artery	6.3	0.2	6.2	0.1	6.3	0.2	6	0.1
Pugh et al. (2014) [35]	NR	Brachial artery	4.79		8.57	(2.24–4.71)	5.94		5.32	(−1.72–1.46)
					3.47				−0.13
Robinson et al. (2016) [36]	NR	Brachial artery	8.6	4.8	7.7	2.79	9.3	4.2	9.3	4.1
Swift et al. (2012) a [37]	Fast	Brachial artery	4	2.6	1	(0.29–1.76)	4.7	2.4	−0.5	(−1.79–0.74)
Swift et al. (2012) b [37]	Fast	Brachial artery	4.4	2.4	1.5	(0.48–2.62)	4.7	2.4	−0.5	(−1.79–0.74)
Swift et al. (2012) c [37]	Fast	Brachial artery	3.7	2.6	1.2	(0.1–2.24)	4.7	2.4	−0.5	(−1.79–0.74)
Vinet et al. (2011) [38]	Overnight fast	Brachial artery	2.7	0.4	4.8	0.5
Wycherley et al. (2008) [39]	Fast	Brachial artery	4.2	1.2	−0.52	1.06	2.5	0.9	0.03	0.26

Note. mean; SD; % confidence interval; for value of preintervention; NR: no report.