Serum Endothelin-1 Correlates with Myocardial Injury and Independently Predicts Adverse Cardiac Events in Non-ST-Elevation Acute Myocardial Infarction

Table 1

The characteristics of all subjects and groups based on the presence and absence of adverse cardiac events.

Characteristics	All subjects	Adverse cardiac events (+)	Adverse cardiac events (-)	value
Demography
Males, (%)	53 (80.3)	9 (90.0)	44 (78.6)	0.40
Age (year)				0.30
Body mass index,				0.02
Diabetes mellitus, (%)	20 (30.3)	7 (70.0)	13 (23.2)	<0.01
Hypertension, (%)	42 (63.6)	6 (60.0)	36 (64.3)	0.53
Ischemic heart disease, (%)	27 (40.9)	4 (40.0)	23 (41.1)	0.62
Dyslipidemia, (%)	18 (27.3)	2 (20.0)	16 (28.6)	0.45
Clinics,
Onset (hours)				0.93
Systolic pressure (mmHg)				<0.01
Diastolic pressure (mmHg)				0.04
Heart rate (bpm)				<0.01
, (%)	8 (12.1)	5 (50.0)	3 (5.4)	<0.01
Laboratory,
Hemoglobin (g/dL)				0.10
Leucocytes (×10^3/mm^3)				<0.01
Platelets (×10^3/mm^3)				0.21
Creatinine (mg/dL)				<0.01
Glucose (mg/dL)				0.01
Troponin I (ng/mL)	0.5 (0.1-2.9)	2.4 (0.1-4.9)	0.47 (0.06-2.4)	0.29
hs-C reactive protein (mg/L)	3.1 (0.9-8.5)	2.6 (0.8-5.8)	11.1 (2.1-61.4)	0.07
Treatment strategy, n (%)
Coronary intervention	26 (39.4)	5 (50.0)	21 (37.5)	0.34
Unfractionated heparin	50 (75.8)	10 (100.0)	40 (80.0)	0.15
LMWH/Fondaparinux	16 (24.2)	0 (0.0)	16 (20.0)	0.15
ACE-I/ARB	62 (93.9)	10 (100.0)	52 (92.9)	0.51
Beta blocker	45 (68.2)	3 (30.0)	42 (75.0)	<0.01
Coronary artery disease ()
1 vessel disease	2 (6.3)	0 (0.0)	2 (7.7)	0.78
2 vessel disease	10 (31.3)	1 (20.0)	9 (34.6)
3 vessel disease	19 (59.4)	4 (80.0)	15 (57.7)
Endothelin-1 level (pg/mL)				0.04
Endothelin-1	33 (50.0)	8 (80.0)	25 (44.6)	0.04

Mann-Whitney test (troponin I (); hs-C reactive protein ()).