International Journal of Zoology

Review Article

A Review and Interspecific Comparison of Nocturnal and Cathemeral Strepsirhine Primate Olfactory Behavioural Ecology

Table 1

Comparative interspecific profiles of scent marking behaviours among nocturnal strepsirhine genera (i.e., lemuriforms, galagines, and lorisines) and the cathemeral lemurid genera Eulemur and Hapalemur, as derived from the published literature on these taxa [1–3, 52–112]. Scent-marking behaviours: 1, urine washing; 2, punctuated urine marking; 3, urine-trail marking; 4, muzzle wipe/branch chewing (saliva deposition); 5, flehmen; 6, fecal marking; 7, latrine behaviour; 8, anogenital scent marking; 9, head marking (males).
Scent-marking behaviours
Strepsirhine taxon (refs)123456789
Nocturnal lemuriforms
Microcebus [2, 3, 52–62]]++−+?−−−+
Mirza [3, 58, 59, 63, 64]−++++−−+?
(Both sexes)
Cheirogaleus [1, 2, 58, 65]−++??+−+?
Phaner [2, 6, 66, 67]−????−−− (?)+
(Male throat gland)
Lepilemur [1–3, 58, 68]−+−??−++?
(Males)
Daubentonia [2, 68, 69, 71, 72]−?+??−−+−
Avahi (no refs.)− (?)????− (?)− (?)+(?)?
Galagines [58, 73–83]
Galagoides++−??−−??
Galago++−??−−??
Euoticus−−−??−−??
Sciurocheirus++−??−−??
Otolemur++−??−−+?
Lorisines [2, 58, 76, 82, 84–89]
Loris+++?+−−+*−
Nycticebus−++??−−?−
Perodicticus−++?+−−+*−
Arctocebus−++??−−+*−
+* = “passing over”
Cathemeral lemuriforms [1–3, 90–113]
Eulemur−+−++−−++
Hapalemur−+−+?−++−