Jaw Musculature of the Picini (Aves: Piciformes: Picidae)

Figure 5

A lateral superficial view of the jaw muscles of Reindwardtipicus validus. amecl: adductor mandibulae externus caudalis lateralis; amerm: adductor mandibulae externus rostralis medialis; amert: adductor mandibulae externus rostralis temporalis; amev: adductor mandibulae externus ventralis; dm: depressor mandibulae; prpt: protractor pterygoidei; prqt: protractor quadrati; psd p: pseudotemporalis profundus; pter dor med: pterygoideus dorsalis medialis. LPO: postorbital ligament.