Birds in New York State Have Altered Their Migration Timing and Are Experiencing Different Thermal Regimes While Breeding or on Stopover from 2010 to 2015

Table 3

Migration timing changes and significant environmental temperature changes experienced by species showing a one-stopover migration strategy through Essex and Franklin counties in the Adirondack region. Migration patterns were determined using data from the Cornell lab of ornithology and Zuckerberg et al. [23].

Correlation	Species common name	value	Pattern	Type of bird	Migration pattern
Arrival date versus temperature on day of arrival	Black-Throated Green Warbler	0.007	Colder	Passerine	Long distance
Year versus departure date	Eastern Phoebe	0.007	Later	Passerine	Short distance
Number of days in Essex and Franklin counties versus maximum temperature for time here	Common Grackle	0.001	Warmer	Passerine	Short distance
Number of days in Essex and Franklin counties versus minimum temperature for time here	Bank Swallow	<0.001	Colder	Passerine	Long distance
	American Kestrel	0.003	Colder	Shorebird	Short distance
	Black-Crowned Night-Heron	0.005	Colder	Shorebird	Short distance
	Brown Thrasher	0.007	Colder	Passerine	Short distance
	Chipping Sparrow	0.005	Colder	Passerine	Long distance
	Double-Crested Cormorant	<0.001	Colder	Waterfowl	Medium distance
	Hermit Thrush	0.002	Colder	Passerine	Short distance
	Indigo Bunting	0.007	Colder	Passerine	Long distance
	Ruby-Crowned Kinglet	0.002	Colder	Passerine	Short distance
	Sanderling	0.007	Colder	Shorebird	Long distance
	Savannah Sparrow	0.001	Colder	Passerine	Short distance
	Yellow-Bellied Sapsucker	<0.001	Colder	Woodpecker	Short distance
Number of days in Essex and Franklin counties versus mean temperature for time here	Double-Crested Cormorant	<0.001	Colder	Waterfowl	Medium distance
	American Kestrel	0.007	Colder	Shorebird	Short distance
	Belted Kingfisher	0.001	Colder	Kingfisher	Short distance
	Black-Crowned Night-Heron	0.002	Colder	Shorebird	Short distance
	Brown-Headed Cowbird	0.007	Colder	Passerine	Short distance
	Great Blue Heron	0.001	Colder	Shorebird	Short distance
	Green Heron	0.002	Colder	Shorebird	Long distance
	Hermit Thrush	<0.001	Colder	Passerine	Short distance
	Lincoln’s Sparrow	0.004	Colder	Passerine	Long distance
	Marsh Wren	0.003	Colder	Passerine	Short distance
	Merlin	0.003	Colder	Raptor	Long distance
	Ruby-Crowned Kinglet	<0.001	Colder	Passerine	Short distance
	Ruby-Throated Hummingbird	0.003	Colder	Hummingbird	Long distance
	Savannah Sparrow	<0.001	Colder	Passerine	Short distance
	Winter Wren	0.006	Colder	Passerine	Short distance
	Wood Duck	0.007	Colder	Waterfowl	Short distance
	Yellow-Bellied Sapsucker	<0.001	Colder	Woodpecker	Short distance
Year versus number of days in Essex and Franklin counties	Red-Eyed Vireo	0.001	More days here	Passerine	Long distance
Arrival date versus maximum temperature for time in Essex and Franklin counties	Black-Crowned Night-Heron	0.006	Colder	Shorebird	Short distance
	Warbling Vireo	0.005	Colder	Passerine	Long distance
Arrival date versus minimum temp for time in Essex and Franklin counties	Eastern Phoebe	0.007	Colder	Passerine	Short distance
Arrival date versus mean temperature for time in Essex and Franklin counties	Cliff Swallow	0.002	Colder	Passerine	Long distance
Departure date versus maximum temperature for time in Essex and Franklin counties	Black-Crowned Night-Heron	0.005	Colder	Shorebird	Short distance
	Warbling Vireo	0.006	Colder	Passerine	Long distance
Departure date versus minimum temperature for time in Essex and Franklin counties	Eastern Phoebe	0.007	Colder	Passerine	Short distance