A Preliminary Study on the Functionality of the Carotid-Vertebral Anastomotic Artery in the Regulation of Blood Flow in the Giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis) by Duplex Ultrasound Examination

Figure 5

(a) Doppler waveform with color flow images demonstrated preferential flow in the anastomotic artery directed away from the common carotid artery towards the vertebral artery, in the head-down position. (b) Visual illustration of the latex model during detailed dissection of the carotid-vertebral anastomosis with the direction of flow (yellow arrow) away from the common carotid artery (CCA) towards the vertebral artery (VA), in the head-down position.

(a)

(b)