Total Delay in Treatment of Tuberculosis and Associated Factors among New Pulmonary TB Patients in Selected Health Facilities of Gedeo Zone, Southern Ethiopia, 2017/18
Table 9
Bivariate and multivariate analysis of associated factors for total treatment delay among study participants of selected health facilities of Gedeo Zone, southern Ethiopia, 2017/18.
Variables
Total treatment delay (≥ 60 days)
Bivariate
Multivariate
No (%)
Yes (%)
Total
COR (95% CI)
P- value
AOR (95% CI)
P- value
Sex of the participants
0.001
0.001
Male
147(62.6)
88( 37.4)
235
1
1
Female
60 (32.1)
127 (67.9 )
187
3.5(2.3-5.3)
0.001
2.6(1.5-4.5)
0.001
Age of the participants/ year
0 .475
15-25
69 (52.3 )
63 ( 47.7)
132
0.9(0.6-1.6)
0.965
26-35
125 (52)
60 (48 )
125
1
36-45
46( 44.2)
58 (55.8 )
104
1.4(0.8-2.3)
0.242
>45
27 ( 44.3)
34 ( 55.7)
61
1.4(0.7-2.5)
0.322
Marital status of study participants
0.225
Married
106(45.3)
128(54.7)
234
1
Single
106(53.5)
128(46.5)
234
0.7(0.5-1.0)
0.103
Others
10(55.6)
8 (44.4)
18
0.7(0.3-1.7)
0.403
Educational status/level
0.001
0.001
Not attended formal education
38(21.6)
138(78.4)
176
7.9(3.5-18.3)
0.001
7.0(2.5-19.7)
0.001
Primary school
99(68.8)
45(31.2)
144
1.0(0.4-2.3)
1.000
1.1(0.4-2.9)
0.891
Secondary school
48 (68.6)
22(31.4)
70
1.0(0.4-2.5)
0.986
1.2(0.4 3.5)
0.774
Higher education
22(68.8)
10(31.2)
32
1
1
Religion of the study participants
0.906
Orthodox Christian
46(48.9)
48(51.1)
94
1.1(0.6-2.1)
0.736
Protestant Christian
132(48.5)
140(51.5)
272
1.1(0.6-2.0)
0.657
Muslim
29(51.8)
27(48. 2)
56
1
Place of residence
0.001
0.013
Urban
123(70.3)
52(29.7)
175
1
1
Rural
84(34.0)
163(66.0)
247
4.5(3.0-6.9)
0.001
2.0(1.2 3.5)
0.013
Ethnicity of the study participants
0.364
Gedeo
120(48.6)
127(51.4)
247
1.3(0.5-3.5)
0.569
Oromo
34(41.5)
48(58.5)
82
1.7(0.6-4.9)
0.279
Amhara
20(55.6)
16(44.4)
36
1.0(0.3-3.1)
1.000
Sedama
23(59.0)
16(41.0)
39
0.8(0.3-2.7)
0.808
Others
10(55.6)
8(44.4)
18
1
Occupation of the study participants
0.915
Farmer
92 (47.2)
103(52.8)
195
1.3(0.7-2.4)
0.462
Employed
28(50.0 )
28(50.0 )
56
1.2(0.5-2.4)
0.754
Daily laborer
21(46.7 )
24(53.3 )
45
1.3(0.6-2.9)
0.536
Student
40(51.9)
37(48.1)
77
1.1(0.5-2.1)
0.903
Merchant
26(53.1)
23(46.9)
49
1
Mean family size of the study participants
0.099
1-4 individuals
77(52.7)
69(47.3)
146
1
1
0.705
5-7 individuals
102(50.5)
100(49.5)
202
1.1(0.7-1.7)
0.679
1.2(0.7-2.2)
0.482
>7 individuals
28(37.8)
46 (62.2 )
74
1.8(1.0-3.2)
0.038
1.3(0.6-2.9)
0.481
Estimated mean monthly family income/birr
0.016
0.929
≤500
70(40.7)
102(59.3)
172
1.8(0.9-3.3)
0.074
1.1(0.4 2.9)
0.783
501-1000
72(59 )
50( 41)
122
0.8(0.4-1.6)
0.618
0.9(0.4-2.5)
0.926
>1000
28(54.9)
23(45.1)
51
1
1
Unknown/ No- regular income
37( 48.1)
40(51.9)
77
1.3(0.6-2.7)
0.448
0.9(0.3-2.7)
0.853
Presence of previous history of TB
0.247
Yes
21(58.3)
15(41.7)
36
1
No
186(48.2)
200(51.8)
386
1.5(0.7-3.0)
0.247
Level of severity before first visit to health facility
0.001
0.379
Still do a full day work
72(59.5)
49(40.5)
121
1
1
Some activity outside the house
103(54.5)
86(45.5)
189
1.2(0.8-1.9)
0.386
1.4(0.7-2.6)
0.311
House/bed bound
32(28.6)
80(71.4)
112
3.7(2.1-6.3)
0.001
1.7(0.8 3.7)
0.174
Smoking status/behaviors of the participants
0.561
Never smoke
146(50.3)
144(49.7)
290
1
Former smoker
34(49.3)
35(50.7)
69
1.3(0.8 2.3)
0.282
Current smoker
27(42.9)
36(57.1)
63
1.1(0.6-1.7)
0.873
Alcoholic intake status/behaviors of the study participants
0.711
Never drink
102(48.8)
107(51.2)
209
1
Former drinker
67(51.5)
63(48.5)
130
1.1(0.7-1.8)
0.641
Current drinking
38(45.8)
45(54.2)
83
0.9(0.6-1.4)
0.624
Knowledge score to TB
0.001
0.038
Good
140(59.8)
94(40.2)
234
1
1
Poor
67(35.6)
121(64.4)
188
2.7(1.8-3.9)
0.001
1.8(1.0-3.2)
0.038
Stigma score to TB
0.123
0.931
No/mild
132(53.0)
117(47.0)
249
1
1
Moderate
47(41.6)
66(58.4)
113
1.6(1.0-2.5)
0.045
0.9(0.5 1.8)
0.862
Sever
28(46.7)
32(53.3)
60
1.3(0.7-2.3)
0.378
0.8(0.4 1.9)
0.714
Patient satisfaction score to healthcare system
0.757
Good
87(49.7)
88(50.3)
175
1
Medium
110(49.3)
113(50.7)
223
1.0(0.7-1.5)
0.939
Sever
10(41.7)
14(58.3)
24
1.4(0.6-3.3)
0.461
Home distance from the nearest health facility
0.001
0.005
≤10km
149(64.2)
83(35.8)
232
1
1
>10km
58(30.5)
132(69.5)
190
4.1(2.7-6.1)
0.001
2.2(1.3-3.7)
0.005
Presence of other HF close to home
0.001
0.123
Yes
113(64.6)
62(35.4)
175
1
No
94(38.1)
153(61.9)
247
2.9(1.9-4.4)
0.001
1.5(0.9-2.7)
0.123
First health care consultation action because of the illness
0.001
0.002
Gov.t health facility
107(67.3)
52(32.7)
159
1
1
Formal private health provider
80(52.6)
72(47.4)
152
1.8(1.2- 2.9)
0.009
1.6(0.9-2.9)
0.082
Nonformal health provider
20(18.0)
91(82.0)
111
9.4(5.2-16.8)
0.001
3.8(1.8-7.9)
0.001
Number healthcare providers visited
0.001
0.184
≤2 providers
169(59.9)
113(40.1)
282
1
1
≥3 providers
38(27.1)
102(72.9)
140
4.0(2.6-6.2)
0.001
1.5(0.8-2.9)
0.184
Antibiotic Rx because of current illness
0.001
0.001
Yes
78(35.6)
141(64.4)
219
3.1(2.1- 4.7)
0.001
6.5(3.6-11.7)
0.001
No
129(63.5)
74(36.5)
203
1
1
Keys: P value ≤ 0.25 in bivariate analysis, P value ≤ 0.05 in multivariate analysis and its significantly independent associated factors.
