Prevalence and Risk Factors of Human Herpes Virus Type 8 (HHV-8), Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 (HIV-1), and Syphilis among Female Sex Workers in Malindi, Kenya
Table 3
Percentage of HHV-8, HIV and syphilis positivity, OR, 95%Cl and p-values of risk factors associated with HHV-8, HIV and syphilis positivity among female sex workers in Malindi, Kenya in 2015-2016.
Risk factors
268
HHV-8 Infection
P value
HIV Infection
P value
Syphilis Infection
P value
n (n/67%)
OR (95% CI)
n (n/44%)
OR (95% CI)
n (n/6%)
OR (95% CI)
Age
35 and above
52
21 (31.3)
0.92 (0.42-2.06)
0.858
20 (45.4)
14.79 (4.10-53.37)
0.001
3 (50)
1.7 (0.33-8.23)
0.519
30-34
55
20 (29.9)
0.70 (0.31-1.59)
0.399
9 (20.5)
4.63 (1.19-18.01)
0.027
0
1
25-29
87
12 (17.9)
0.75 (0.37-1.53)
0.435
12(27.3)
3.78 (1.02-13.97)
0.046
3(50)
1
18-24
74
14(20.9)
1
3 (6.8)
1
0
1
Marital status
Single
180
46 (68.7)
1.59 (0.76-3.31)
0.214
25 (56.8)
0.46(0.23-0.94)
0.034
4 (60)
0.68 (0.12-3.82)
0.663
Married
26
10 (14.9)
2.90 (1.04-8.07)
0.042
3 (6.8)
0.38 (0.99-1.41)
0.149
0
1
Widowed/separated
62
11 (16.4)
1
16 (36.4)
1
2 (40)
1
Education Level
Primary
151
37 (55.2)
0.89 (0.37-2.17)
0.802
20 (45.5)
0.99 (0.31-3.14)
0.99
3 (50)
0.58(0.05-5.85)
0.65
Secondary
85
21 (31.3)
0.90 (0.35-2.33)
0.832
19 (43.2)
1.87 (0.58-6.03)
0.294
2 (33.3)
0.70 (0.06-8.00)
0.773
Tertiary
2
1(1.5)
2.75 (0.2-49.36)
0.492
1 (2.3)
6.5(0.34- 126.06)
0.216
0
1
NonFormal
30
8 (11.9)
1
4 (9.1)
1
1 (16.7)
1
IDU
Yes
26
6 (9.0)
0.89 (0.34 -2.31)
0.812
8 (18.2)
2.5 (1.03-6.29)
0.043
0
omitted
No
242
61 (91.0)
1
36 (81.8)
1
6(100)
Clients per day
4 and above
129
31(46.3)
0.9 (0.52-1.57)
0.724
33(75)
4.0 (1.92-8.32)
0.001
3 (50)
1.08 (0.21-5.45)
0.926
1 to 3
139
36 (53.7)
1
11(25)
1
3(50)
Condom use
Occasionally
73
18 (26.9)
0.98 (0.52-1.82)
0.937
20 (45.5)
2.69 (1.38-5.25)
0.004
5 (83.3)
1.3 (0.31-5.74)
0.556
Consistently
195
49 (73.1)
1
24 (54.5)
1
1 (16.7)
1
Duration as a sex worker in years
≥6
68
13 (19.4)
0.63 (0.32-1.26)
0.197
18 (40.9)
3.0 (1.51-6.02)
0.002
2 (66.7)
1.5 (0.34-6.34)
0.596
1-5
200
54 (80.6)
1
26 (59.1)
1
4 (33.3)
1
Sex debut
< 18
237
59 (88.1)
0.95 (0.40-2.24)
0.912
35 (79.5)
0.42(0.18-1.00)
0.049
0.44 (0.08-2.27)
0.329
≥18
31
8 (11.9)
1
9 (20.5)
1
1
IDU-intravenous drug users, ( number too small to draw statistical inference), Italicized numbers show where significant association was observed.
