Clinical Characteristics and Predictors of Mortality in Elderly Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19 in Bangladesh: A Multicenter, Retrospective Study

Table 1

Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with COVID-19.

	Total, n = 245	Survivor, n = 202	Nonsurvivor, n = 43	value
Age, mean (±SD)	70 ± 8.3	69.3 ± 7.9	73.6 ± 9.5	0.002
Sex				0.666
Male	158 (64.5%)	132 (65.3%)	26 (60.5%)
Female	87 (35.5%)	70 (34.7%)	17 (39.5%)
Comorbidity
Hypertension	195 (79.6%)	162 (80.2%)	33 (76.7%)	0.763
DM	175 (71.4%)	142 (70.3%)	33 (76.7%)	0.507
IHD	75 (30.6%)	55 (27.2%)	20 (46.5%)	0.021
CKD	56 (22.9%)	42 (20.8%)	14 (32.6%)	0.142
COPD	32 (13.1%)	21 (10.4%)	11 (25.6%)	0.015
CVA	18 (7.3%)	14 (6.9%)	4 (9.3%)	0.826
Clinical characteristics
Fever	221 (90.2%)	180 (89.1%)	41 (95.3%)	0.333
Cough	175 (71.4%)	145 (71.8%)	30 (69.8%)	0.937
SOB	170 (69.4%)	138 (68.3%)	32 (74.4%)	0.544
Fatiguability	139 (56.7%)	114 (56.4%)	25 (58.1%)	0.972
Loss of smell	48 (19.6%)	42 (20.8%)	6 (14%)	0.415
Diarrhea	39 (15.9%)	29 (14.4%)	10 (23.3%)	0.223
Sore throat	27 (11%)	16 (7.9%)	11 (25.6%)	0.002
Anorexia	4 (1.6%)	2 (1%)	2 (4.7%)	0.29
Chest pain	4 (1.6%)	4 (2%)	0 (0%)	0.789
LOS, median (IQR)	8.9 (4.6)	8.6 ± 4.3	10.5 ± 5.7	0.015
SpO2 at admission		93 (88–95.75)	84 (71–88.50)	<0.001
Type of respiratory support required
Ventilator	19 (7.8%)	3 (1.5%)	16 (37.2%)	<0.001
NIV	22 (9%)	3 (1.5%)	19 (44.2%)	<0.001
HFNC	29 (11.8%)	22 (10.9%)	7 (16.3%)	0.463
Low flow oxygen	155 (63.3%)	154 (76.2%)	1 (2.3%)	<0.001
No O2	20 (8.2%)	20 (9.9%)	0 (0%)	0.065

DM, diabetes mellitus; IHD, ischemic heart disease; CKD, chronic kidney disease; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CVA, cerebrovascular accident; SpO₂, peripheral capillary oxygen saturation; NIV, noninvasive ventilation; HFNC, high flow nasal cannula; No O₂, no oxygen required. LOS, length of stay.