Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Infectious Diseases

Research Article

The Presence of Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies and Antiphospholipid Antibodies in Patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2: A Case-Control Study among Sudanese Patients

Table 4

Laboratory measurements of study participants stratified by the presence or absence of autoantibodies.


	AA positive		AA negative		value^a
	Mean ± SD	Median (IQR)	Mean ± SD	Median (IQR)	value^a

Hematologic parameters
WBCs	14.2 ± 4.8	15.3 (13.9–17.8)	10.99 ± 3.8	11.5 (7.4–12.8)	0.02
RBCs	4.6 ± 0.4	4.5 (4.1–5)	4.5 ± 0.6	4.5 (4.1–4.7)	0.58
Hemoglobin (g/dL)	13.2 ± 0.8	13.2 (12.3–13.9)	12.1 ± 1.7	12.1 (10.5–13.3)	0.04
PCV	38.9 ± 2.3	38.6 (36.6–41.7)	36.5 ± 5.1	37.5 (32.5–39.5)	0.15
MCV (fL)	85.7 ± 4.4	86.4 (83.4–90.1)	81.9 ± 4.8	81.8 (80.1–84.5)	0.03
MCH	29.3 ± 1.5	29.5 (27.6–30.2)	27.2 ± 1.9	27.2 (26–28.5)	0.004
MCHC	34.1 ± 1.8	33.6 (32.9–36)	33 ± 1.2	33.9 (32.3–34)	0.11
MXD	10.3 ± 2.3	10.2 (8.9–12.5)	9.2 ± 3.3	8.5 (6.6–12.7)	0.38
RDW	13.1 ± 0.9	13 (12–14)	14 ± 1.3	13.6 (13–15)	0.14
Neutrophil count (K/µL)	75 ± 12.6	75 (71–80.3)	63.7 ± 17.6	68.9 (48.2–79.8)	0.17
Lymphocyte count	17.1 ± 12.1	13.7 (11.3–17.5)	27.1 ± 16.7	21.2 (13.6–41.4)	0.13
Platelet count	286.9 ± 49.5	292 (233–330)	307.9 ± 121.5	311 (208.5–381)	0.64

Inflammatory markers
ESR	44.3 ± 25.2	40 (20–75)	30.3 ± 20.4	25 (20–30)	0.09
CRP	18.6 ± 17.3	15 (2–32)	8.7 ± 14.2	3 (2–8.5)	0.11

Electrolytes
Calcium	8.1 ± 1.1	9 (6.9–9)	9 ± 0.6	9 (8.9–9.1)	0.16
Sodium	135.4 ± 2.7	136 (132–138)	137.6 ± 2.9	137 (136–140)	0.06
Potassium	3.8 ± 0.4	3.8 (3.6–4)	3.9 ± 0.4	3.9 (3.7–4.1)	0.56

Renal function
Creatinine	1 ± 0.2	1 (0.9–1.2)	1.1 ± 1.8	0.9 (0.7–1)	0.03
Urea	29.7 ± 13.5	29 (17–45)	32.3 ± 37.2	24 (22–33)	0.64

Coagulation profile
PT	14.5 ± 2.2	14.4 (12.4–17.3)	14.2 ± 2.3	13.4 (12.9–14.5)	0.86
PTT	38.7 ± 7.4	35.8 (34.2–46.5)	36.4 ± 6.7	34.4 (32.1–39)	0.34
INR	1 ± 0.17	1.03 (0.9–1.3)	1.02 ± 0.2	0.95 (0.92–1.1)	0.86

Superscript: a; independent sample Mann–Whitney U test. Abbreviations, AA: autoantibodies, CRP, C-reactive protein, ESR, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, MCH, mean corpuscular haemoglobin, MCHC, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, MCV, mean corpuscular volume, MXD, mixed cell count blood test, WBCs, white blood cells, RBCs, red blood cells, PCV, packed cell volume, and RDW, red cell distribution width.