Methamphetamine Use and Emergency Department Utilization: 20 Years Later
Table 1
Demographics, mode of arrival, disposition, and coingestions of MAP-positive patients, 2016 versus 1996.
2016
1996
% change
95% CI
(%)
(%)
Prevalence
638/20,203 (3.2)
461/32,156 (1.4)
1.8
1.5–2.1
<0.0001
Positive MAP screen
638/3013 (21.2)
461/3102 (14.9)
6.3
4.4–8.2
<0.0001
Age ± SD
<0.0001
Gender
0.97
Male
409 (64.1)
295 (64.0)
0.1
−5.7–5.9
Female
229 (35.9)
166 (36.0)
−0.1
−5.7–5.9
Race
0.4
Caucasian
451 (70.7)
341 (74.0)
−3.3
−2.2–8.7
0.23
Hispanic
107 (16.8)
63 (13.6)
3.2
−1.2–7.5
0.15
African American
46 (7.2)
37 (8.0)
−0.8
−2.5–4.2
0.62
Asian/Pacific Islander
33 (5.2)
18 (3.9)
1.3
−1.4–3.9
0.31
Native American
1 (0.1)
2 (0.5)
−0.4
−0.4–1.6
0.21
Insurance
<0.00001
None/Self-pay
172 (27.0)
385 (83.5)
−56.5
51.3–61.2
<0.0001
MediCal/MediCare
396 (62.0)
56 (12.2)
49.6
44.7–54.5
<0.0001
HMO/MCO
70 (11.0)
20 (4.3)
6.7
3.4–9.8
0.0001
Mode of arrival
<0.00001
Ambulance
332 (52.0)
319 (69.2)
−17.2
11.3–22.9
<0.0001
Ambulatory
156 (24.4)
66 (14.3)
10.1
5.3–14.8
<0.0001
Police
121 (19.0)
56 (12.1)
6.9
2.4–11.2
0.002
Transfer
29 (4.6)
20 (4.4)
0.2
2.5–2.8
0.87
Coingestion
Ethanol
79 (12.4)
92 (20)
−7.6
3.1–12.2
0.0006
Ethanol level (mg/dL)
0.07
Cocaine
28 (4.4)
34 (7)
−2.6
−0.3–5.7
0.06
Disposition
<0.00001
Admit
263 (41.2)
268 (58.1)
−16.9
10.8–22.9
<0.0001
Discharge
144 (22.5)
89 (19.3)
3.2
−1.8–8.1
0.2
Psychiatric hold/transfer
223 (35.0)
63 (13.7)
21.3
16.2–26.2
<0.0001
Jail
8 (1.3)
41 (8.9)
−7.6
4.9–10.7
<0.0001
includes patients who eloped; ’s -test. MAP: methamphetamine; HMO/MCO: health maintenance organization/managed care organization; CI: confidence interval.
