Review Article

Is Long-Term Benzodiazepine Use a Risk Factor for Cognitive Decline? Results of a Systematic Review

Table 1

Cognitive tests used in the studies to assess the cognitive domains.

Global cognitive functioning
 Mini mental state examination [7, 10, 20, 22, 23, 25, 26]
 Short portable mental status questionnaire [18, 19]
 Orientation-memory-concentration test [19]
 Cambridge cognitive examination [26]
 Cognitive abilities screening instrument [27]
 Montreal cognitive assessment [28]
 Clinical dementia rating sum of boxes [29]
Intelligence
 Raven’s colored progressive matrices [10]
 AH4 and the national adult reading test [26]
Motor control/performance
 Finger tapping test [20]
Psychomotor speed
 Digit symbol substitution test [20, 24]
Speed of processing
 Trail making test, part B [7, 20]
 Four choice reaction time task [25]
 Coding task [10]
 Letter digit coding test [22]
Visuospatial abilities
 Matching to sample and copying tasks [21]
Verbal reasoning
 Isaacs set test [7]
 Visuospatial reasoning task [22]
Attention/concentration
 Trail making test, part a [7]
 Stroop test [22]
 Selective attention test derived from the Sternberg’s test [29]
 Reaction time to a visual task with auditory interference [20]
Nonverbal memory
 Benton visual retention test [7]
 Recognition test [24]
Verbal memory
 Auditory verbal learning test [10,20,28]
 Immediate and delayed recall tests [21,24]
 Picture learning test [22]
 Object naming, verbal fluency, phoneme comprehension and syntax comprehension tasks [21]