| | Study | Baseline differences between BZD users and nonusers | Confounding factors that were adjusted for |
| | Dealberto et al. [18] | BZD users were more likely to have depressive symptoms | Age, gender, education, depressive symptoms, chronic diseases, psychotropic drugs, race, marital status, housing | | Hanlon et al. [19] | Unclear: sample characteristics described as a whole | Age, gender, education, depressive symptoms, chronic diseases, alcohol use, smoking, race, insomnia, thyroid medication | | Paterniti et al. [20] | BZD users were more likely to be older, women, use psychotropic drugs, smoke, have depressive and anxious symptoms | Age, gender, education, depressive and anxious symptoms, chronic diseases, alcohol use, smoking, psychotropic drugs | | Allard et al. [21] | BZD users were older | Age, gender, education, depressive symptoms, chronic diseases, prodromal dementia | | Bierman et al. [10] | Unclear: sample characteristics described as a whole | Age, gender, education, depressive and anxious symptoms, chronic diseases, alcohol use | | van Vliet et al. [22] | BZD users were more likely to be women, be institutionalized, have depressive symptoms and less education | Gender, education, depressive symptoms | | Puustinen et al. [23] | BZD users were more likely to be older and women | Age, gender, education, chronic diseases, smoking | | Boeuf-Cazou et al. [24] | BZD users were more likely to be women | Age, education, chronic diseases, alcohol use, smoking, marital status, cognitive score at baseline, exercise, shiftwork, body mass index | | Desplenter et al. [25] | BZD users were more likely to be older, women, use psychotropic drugs | Age, gender, education, depressive symptoms, use of antipsychotic drugs | | Gallacher et al. [26] | BZD users were more likely to have anxious symptoms | Age, education, anxious symptoms, chronic diseases, alcohol use, smoking, social class, cognitive score at baseline, daytime sleepiness, body mass index | | Mura et al. [7] | BZD users were more likely to be older, women, have depressive and cardiovascular symptoms | Gender, education, anxious, depressive and cardiovascular symptoms, chronic diseases, alcohol use, smoking, antidepressant use, insomnia, apolipoprotein E4 genotype, employment, exercise | | Gray et al. [27] | Heavier BZD users were more likely to be women, have depressive and cardiovascular symptoms | Age, gender, education, depressive symptoms, chronic diseases, smoking, exercise, body mass index | | Chung et al. [28] | Groups were matched on age, gender, ethnicity, education, race, apolipoprotein E4 genotype, marital status | Use of antidepressant drugs | | Zhang et al. [29] | BZD users were more likely to be white, smoke, use alcohol, have cardiovascular and depressive symptoms | Age, gender, education, chronic diseases, alcohol use, smoking, race, family dementia history, brain injury |
|
|
