Discussion on Muskingum versus Integrator-Delay Models for Control Objectives

Figure 7

Step closed-loop response for the case I: downstream flow with PI designed by continuous Muskingum with continuous Muskingum plant; case II: downstream flow with PI designed by discrete Muskingum (ZOH and  s) with discrete Muskingum (ZOH and  s) plant; case III: downstream flow with PI designed by discrete Muskingum (bilinear and  s) with discrete Muskingum (bilinear and  s) plant; case IV: downstream flow with PI designed by discrete Muskingum (bilinear and  s) with discrete Muskingum (ZOH and  s) plant; and case V: downstream flow with PI designed by discrete Muskingum (ZOH and  s) with discrete Muskingum (ZOH and  s) plant.