The Local Linear 𝑀-Estimation with Missing Response Data

Figure 1

Comparison on the biases of three 𝑀-estimators, where the solid curve, the dashed curve, and the dot curve denote the biases of 𝑚_𝑀𝑐𝑐(𝑥), 𝑚^∗_𝑀(𝑥), and 𝑚^∗_𝑀𝑐𝑝(𝑥), respectively.