Piecewise Model and Parameter Obtainment of Governor Actuator in Turbine

Table 1

The average running time, average optimal value, and standard deviation of the four algorithms.

Function name		PSO	IPSO	GA	GA-PSO	Theory extreme
	Average runtime (s)	0.115	0.092	0.453	0.199	0
	Average optimal value	0.0049	0.0040	0.0125	0.0019
	Standard deviation	0.0071	0.0066	0.0188	0.0039
	Average runtime (s)	0.166	0.115	0.501	0.230	0
	Average optimal value			0.162
	Standard deviation			0.5932
	Runtime (s)	0.164	0.170	0.487	0.336	−837.9
	Average optimal value	−822.55	−814.28	−837.96	−834.41
	Standard deviation	42.70	55.55	0	20.51
	Average runtime (s)	0.114	0.122	0.508	0.318	−186.7
	Average optimal value	−180.28	−183.46	−181.50	−184.48
	Standard deviation	11.43	7.99	10.85	3.84
	Average runtime (s)	0.156	0.122	0.465	0.241	0
	Average optimal value	0.006	0.004	0.016	0.002
	Standard deviation	0.007	0.006	0.034	0.004

is equal to 6.49 × 10⁻¹¹.