Research Article
Altruism, Noise, and the Paradox of Voter Turnout: An Experimental Study
Table 11
Permutation test results (
value)—overall turnout rates.
| | First round only | Average | Average (2nd half) | | 1-tailed | 2-tailed | 1-tailed | 2-tailed | 1-tailed | 2-tailed |
| 12: asymmetric versus symmetric | 0.30 | 0.75 | 0.1* | 0.200 | 0.150 | 0.300 | 18: asymmetric versus symmetric | 0.50 | 1.00 | 0.05** | 0.1* | 0.05** | 0.1* | Asymmetric: 12 versus 18 | 0.30 | 0.60 | 0.250 | 0.500 | 0.200 | 0.450 | Symmetric: 12 versus 18 | 0.40 | 0.90 | 0.05** | 0.1* | 0.150 | 0.350 | 12 versus 18 (asymmetric and symmetric) | 0.4142 | 0.8270 | 0.2767 | 0.5520 | 0.1357 | 0.2719 | Asymmetric versus symmetric (12 and 18) | 0.3419 | 0.6848 | 0.003*** | 0.006*** | 0.0038*** | 0.0078*** |
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*, **, ***.
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