Journal of Analytical Methods in Chemistry / 2011 / Article / Tab 3 / Research Article
Determination of Potassium, Sodium, and Total Alkalies in Portland Cement, Fly Ash, Admixtures, and Water of Concrete by a Simple Flow Injection Flame Photometric System Table 3 Contents of sodium, potassium, and total alkalies determined by FI-FES and batchwise FES methods.
Sample % Na2 O % K2 O % Total alkalies FI-FES FES FI-FES FES FI-FES FES Cement 1
0
.
1
2
4
±
0
.
0
0
1
0
.
1
2
1
±
0
.
0
0
1
0
.
2
9
9
±
0
.
0
0
2
0
.
2
9
2
±
0
.
0
0
1
0.321 0.313 2
0
.
2
6
7
±
0
.
0
0
2
0
.
2
6
2
±
0
.
0
0
1
0
.
3
3
2
±
0
.
0
0
4
0
.
3
2
2
±
0
.
0
0
2
0.485 0.474 3
0
.
1
2
2
±
0
.
0
0
1
0
.
1
1
7
±
0
.
0
0
1
0
.
2
6
8
±
0
.
0
0
2
0
.
2
6
5
±
0
.
0
0
1
0.299 0.291 4
0
.
0
5
2
±
0
.
0
0
1
0
.
0
4
7
±
0
.
0
0
1
0
.
0
5
3
±
0
.
0
0
1
0
.
0
4
5
±
0
.
0
0
1
0.087 0.076 5
0
.
4
3
7
±
0
.
0
0
2
0
.
4
3
5
±
0
.
0
0
2
0
.
6
0
0
±
0
.
0
0
7
0
.
6
3
7
±
0
.
0
0
3
0.831 0.855 6
0
.
0
7
6
±
0
.
0
0
1
0
.
0
7
0
±
0
.
0
0
1
0
.
1
3
1
±
0
.
0
0
2
0
.
1
2
8
±
0
.
0
0
1
0.162 0.155 7
0
.
1
0
8
±
0
.
0
0
1
0
.
1
0
7
±
0
.
0
0
1
0
.
2
7
7
±
0
.
0
0
2
0
.
2
7
3
±
0
.
0
0
1
0.291 0.286 8
0
.
1
3
9
±
0
.
0
0
1
0
.
1
3
4
±
0
.
0
0
1
0
.
2
9
4
±
0
.
0
0
4
0
.
2
9
0
±
0
.
0
0
1
0.333 0.325 9
0
.
0
9
8
±
0
.
0
0
2
0
.
0
9
1
±
0
.
0
0
1
0
.
2
4
9
±
0
.
0
0
3
0
.
2
4
7
±
0
.
0
0
1
0.262 0.254 10
0
.
1
1
8
±
0
.
0
0
1
0
.
1
1
3
±
0
.
0
0
1
0
.
3
2
6
±
0
.
0
0
5
0
.
3
2
6
±
0
.
0
0
1
0.333 0.327 Fly ash 11
0
.
0
7
9
±
0
.
0
0
2
0
.
0
7
4
±
0
.
0
0
1
0
.
0
3
9
±
0
.
0
0
1
0
.
0
3
5
±
0
.
0
0
1
0.104 0.098 12
0
.
0
2
6
±
0
.
0
0
1
0
.
0
2
3
±
0
.
0
0
1
0
.
0
3
5
±
0
.
0
0
1
0
.
0
3
3
±
0
.
0
0
1
0.049 0.045 13
1
.
6
0
8
±
0
.
0
3
5
1
.
5
9
5
±
0
.
0
0
8
1
.
3
3
9
±
0
.
0
1
6
1
.
4
5
5
±
0
.
0
0
7
2.489 2.553 14
0
.
5
4
7
±
0
.
0
0
6
0
.
5
7
4
±
0
.
0
1
3
0
.
5
7
1
±
0
.
0
1
3
0
.
6
2
7
±
0
.
0
0
1
0.922 0.986 15
0
.
1
5
5
±
0
.
0
0
4
0
.
1
4
7
±
0
.
0
0
1
0
.
1
7
2
±
0
.
0
0
2
0
.
1
6
7
±
0
.
0
0
1
0.268 0.257 16
1
.
6
6
4
±
0
.
0
3
7
1
.
6
5
8
±
0
.
0
0
8
1
.
4
0
7
±
0
.
0
1
2
1
.
5
5
2
±
0
.
0
0
7
2.590 2.680 17
1
.
9
8
9
±
0
.
0
1
6
1
.
9
8
3
±
0
.
0
0
8
1
.
5
4
3
±
0
.
0
1
7
1
.
6
6
4
±
0
.
0
0
7
3.005 3.077 18
0
.
0
9
8
±
0
.
0
0
1
0
.
0
9
3
±
0
.
0
0
1
0
.
1
7
7
±
0
.
0
0
3
0
.
1
7
4
±
0
.
0
0
1
0.214 0.207 19
1
.
7
7
1
±
0
.
0
3
4
1
.
7
6
3
±
0
.
0
0
8
1
.
4
9
0
±
0
.
0
0
5
1
.
6
3
9
±
0
.
0
0
7
2.751 2.841 20
1
.
8
3
9
±
0
.
0
2
3
1
.
8
3
7
±
0
.
0
1
5
1
.
3
3
3
±
0
.
0
0
6
1
.
4
6
1
±
0
.
0
1
2
2.715 2.798 Admixture 21
0
.
1
5
9
±
0
.
0
0
1
0
.
1
6
2
±
0
.
0
0
1
0
.
0
1
4
±
0
.
0
0
1
0
.
0
1
2
±
0
.
0
0
1
0.168 0.171 22
0
.
1
5
8
±
0
.
0
0
3
0
.
1
5
9
±
0
.
0
0
1
0
.
0
0
8
±
0
.
0
0
1
0
.
0
0
5
±
0
.
0
0
1
0.164 0.162 23
0
.
1
5
3
±
0
.
0
0
5
0
.
1
5
0
±
0
.
0
0
3
0
.
0
2
0
±
0
.
0
0
1
0
.
0
1
7
±
0
.
0
0
1
0.166 0.161 24
4
.
5
8
4
±
0
.
0
9
9
4
.
5
5
5
±
0
.
0
1
4
0
.
0
1
4
±
0
.
0
0
1
0
.
0
1
1
±
0
.
0
0
1
4.593 4.562 25
2
.
1
8
2
±
0
.
0
2
6
2
.
1
6
5
±
0
.
0
0
8
0
.
1
8
6
±
0
.
0
0
1
0
.
1
9
9
±
0
.
0
0
1
2.305 2.296 26
0
.
1
5
7
±
0
.
0
0
5
0
.
1
5
3
±
0
.
0
0
3
0
.
0
1
7
±
0
.
0
0
1
0
.
0
1
5
±
0
.
0
0
1
0.168 0.163 27
0
.
1
9
5
±
0
.
0
0
1
0
.
1
8
6
±
0
.
0
0
1
0
.
0
1
6
±
0
.
0
0
1
0
.
0
1
3
±
0
.
0
0
1
0.206 0.195 28
0
.
1
6
1
±
0
.
0
0
1
0
.
1
5
7
±
0
.
0
0
1
0
.
0
1
2
±
0
.
0
0
1
0
.
0
1
0
±
0
.
0
0
1
0.169 0.164 29
0
.
1
7
0
±
0
.
0
0
6
0
.
1
6
7
±
0
.
0
0
1
0
.
0
0
9
±
0
.
0
0
1
0
.
0
0
5
±
0
.
0
0
1
0.175 0.170 30
0
.
1
7
8
±
0
.
0
0
5
0
.
1
6
8
±
0
.
0
0
1
0
.
0
2
2
±
0
.
0
0
1
0
.
0
2
2
±
0
.
0
0
1
0.192 0.183 Water 31
0
.
2
0
3
±
0
.
0
0
4
0
.
1
9
7
±
0
.
0
0
1
0
.
0
4
3
±
0
.
0
0
1
0
.
0
4
3
±
0
.
0
0
1
0.232 0.225 32
0
.
1
9
6
±
0
.
0
0
4
0
.
1
9
4
±
0
.
0
0
1
0
.
0
4
3
±
0
.
0
0
1
0
.
0
4
3
±
0
.
0
0
1
0.224 0.223 33
0
.
1
9
0
±
0
.
0
0
1
0
.
1
8
6
±
0
.
0
0
1
0
.
0
4
4
±
0
.
0
0
1
0
.
0
4
5
±
0
.
0
0
1
0.219 0.216 34
0
.
2
3
5
±
0
.
0
0
5
0
.
2
3
4
±
0
.
0
0
1
0
.
0
4
8
±
0
.
0
0
1
0
.
0
5
0
±
0
.
0
0
1
0.267 0.267 35
0
.
2
3
9
±
0
.
0
0
5
0
.
2
2
7
±
0
.
0
0
1
0
.
0
5
1
±
0
.
0
0
2
0
.
0
5
3
±
0
.
0
0
1
0.272 0.261
