Determination of Lactones in Wines by Headspace Solid-Phase Microextraction and Gas Chromatography Coupled with Mass Spectrometry

Table 1

Concentrations of synthetic solutions containing lactones.

Compound	Concentrations (𝜇g/L)
	Low level	High level	Optimization
𝛾-Butyrolactone	14400	36200	20300
𝛾-Hexalactone	146	365	98.9
𝛾-Heptalactone			494
Whiskey-lactone I	48.3	144	100
𝛾-Octalactone	3.96	9.90	9.9
Whiskey-lactone II	48.3	144	100
𝛾-Nonalactone	19.8	59.5	100
𝛾-Decalactone	3.83	9.56	9.9
𝛿-Decalactone	124	310	96.8
𝛾-Undecalactone	1.92	4.80	9.9
3,4-Dimethylphenol			491