Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction of Bismuth in Various Samples and Determination by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

Table 1

Effect of foreign ions on the determination of 0.2 mg L⁻¹ Bi(III) using the DLLME proposed procedure ().

Ions	Added as	Concentration (mg L^−1)	Recovery (%)
Na^+	NaNO3	3000	98 ± 5
K^+	KNO3	1000	103 ± 3
Fe^3+	Fe(NO3)3⋅6H2O	1000	102 ± 4
Ca^2+	Ca(NO3)2⋅4H2O	1000	97 ± 4
Mg^2+	Mg(NO3)2⋅6H2O	1000	95 ± 3
Zn^2+	Zn(NO3)2	100	98 ± 4
Cr^3+	Cr(NO3)3⋅9H2O	100	100 ± 3
Cu^2+	Cu(NO3)2⋅4H2O	100	97 ± 5
Mn^2+	Mn(NO3)2⋅4H2O	100	97 ± 3
Cd^2+	Cd(NO3)2⋅4H2O	100	99 ± 2
Co^2+	Co(NO3)2⋅4H2O	100	97 ± 3
Pb^2+	Pb(NO3)2	70	96 ± 4
Al^3+	Al(NO3)3⋅9H2O	50	96 ± 4
	Na2SO4	1000	102 ± 4
	NaH2PO4⋅2H2O	1000	100 ± 1

Average ± standard deviation.