Studies on Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Rudbeckia triloba

Table 1

Compounds identified by GC-MS technique in the Rudbeckia triloba.

Number	Compound	RI^a	Composition^b (%)
			Leaves	Inflorescences
				Dry material	Essential oil
1	α-Thujene	924	0.2	0.2	—
2	α-Pinene	940	46.0	40.1	16.3
3	Camphene	957	0.2	0.5	0.3
4	Sabinene	978	9.6	9.7	12.0
5	β-Pinene	982	0.8	0.7	—
6	β-Myrcene	991	2.9	1.5	1.7
7	α-Phellandrene	1006	1.1	0.8	1.3
8	3-Carene	1013	0.1	0.2	—
9	α-Terpinene	1018	—	—	0.2
10	p-Cymene	1026	0.6	0.2	—
11	β-Phellandrene	1031	24.6	13.9	26.0
12	Z-β-Ocimene	1046	0.3	0.4	0.6
13	Butyl-2-methylbutanoate	1048	0.2	—	—
14	E-β-Ocimene	1055	0.3	0.3	—
15	γ-Terpinene	1059	0.2	0.0	0.4
16	cis-Sabinene hydrate	1071	—	0.1	—
17	α-Terpinolene	1088	0.8	—	0.2
18	Linalool	1094	0.3	0.1	—
19	trans-para-Mentha-2,8-dien-1-ol	1108	—	0.7	—
20	Α-Campholenal	1127	—	0.7	0.3
21	cis-p-Mentha-2,8-dien-1-ol	1136	—	—	0.1
22	Sabinol	1142	0.2	0.2	0.2
23	cis-Verbenol	1147	—	0.3	0.6
24	Lavandulol	1165	—	—	0.2
25	trans-2-Caren-4-ol	1172	—	0.1	0.3
26	Terpinen-4-ol	1179	—	—	0.5
27	Cryptone	1190	—	0.6	1.0
28	Verbenone	1216	—	0.2	—
29	trans-Carveol	1219	—	—	0.1
30	Butanoic acid, 2-methyl-, hexyl ester	1230	0.6	—	—
31	Cumin aldehyde	1244	—	—	0.4
32	Phellandral	1281	—	—	0.2
33	δ-Elemene	1339	—	—	0.1
34	α-Terpineol acetate	1345	2.5	—	—
35	Cyclosativene	1374	—	—	0.1
36	Α-Copaene	1379	—	—	0.1
37	Β-Maaliene	1388	—	—	0.1
38	Β-Cubebene	1392	—	0.2	0.5
39	β-(E)-Caryophyllene	1427	0.4	1.2	1.7
40	Β-Gurjunene	1435	—	0.3	0.6
41	cis-β-Farnesene	1450	—	—	0.3
42	Humulene	1461	—	0.2	0.4
43	Γ-Gurjunene	1464	—	0.2	0.4
44	Γ-Muurolene	1480	—	0.2	0.6
45	Germacrene D	1490	6.1	24.0	21.6
46	Α-Muurolene	1503	—	0.3	0.5
47	Γ-Cadinene	1523	—	0.3	0.9
48	Δ-Cadinene	1526	—	—	0.2
49	Spathulenol	1588	—	—	0.9
50	Caryophyllene oxide	1597	—	0.1	0.7
51	Cedr-8-en-13-ol	1656	—	—	0.2
52	Cadalene	1680	1.0	0.1	—
53	6-Isopropenyl-4,8a-dimethyl-1,2,3,5,6,7,8,8a-octahydro-naphthalen-2-ol	1694	—	—	2.2
54	Hexahydrofarnesyl acetone	1747	—	—	0.9
	Total (%)		99.0	98.6	95.9
	Monoterpene hydrocarbons		87.7	68.6	59.0
	Oxygenated monoterpenes		3.0	2.9	3.9
	Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons		7.5	27.0	28.0
	Oxygenated sesquiterpene		—	0.1	4.9
	Nonterpene ester		0.8	—	—

Notes: ^aretention index; ^bcomposition calculated based on the peak area % of each fraction.