Advantageous Extraction, Cleanup, and UHPLC-MS/MS Detection of Patulin Mycotoxin in Dietary Supplements and Herbal Blends Containing Hawberry from Crataegus spp.

Table 2

Content of patulin (PAT) in the 41 analyzed products and samples with hawberry from Poland.

Products type	Group^x	Percentage of PAT positive samples	Average PAT content (µg/kg)	Median PAT content (µg/kg)	Range of PAT content (µg/kg)
Commercial single-component dietary supplements ()	I	14/14 (100%)	11.4 ± 5.5^a	9.5	5.7/25.9
Commercial multicomponent herbal blends ()	IA	4/6 (67%)	15.7 ± 31.6^b	6.8	<LOD/93.2
Naturally dried at 20°C freshly harvested ()	II	1/6 (17%)	2.4 ± 3.4^d	1.1	<LOD/9.5
Frozen at −20°C freshly harvested ()	III	0/15 (0%)	<LOD^c	<LOD	<LOD

Note. LOD = 1.0 µg/kg; ^xgroup of analyzed samples as specified in Table 1; ^a–d statistically significant differences in content of PAT ().